Amperometric Gas SensorsA Review

Stetter, Joseph R.; Li, Jiaqian

doi:10.1021/cr0681039

Cited by 400 publications

(310 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…by Williams et al (2013) (metal oxide O 3 sensor) and Stetter and Li (2008) (amperometric gas sensors). Mead et al (2013) investigated the behaviour of electrochemical sensors (NO, NO 2 and CO).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an ozone and nitrogen dioxide sensor unit and its long-term operation within a sensor network in the city of Zurich

Mueller

Meyer²,

Hueglin

2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. This study focuses on the investigation and quantification of low-cost sensor performance in application fields such as the extension of traditional air quality monitoring networks or the replacement of diffusion tubes. For this, sensor units consisting of two boxes featuring NO2 and O3 low-cost sensors and wireless data transfer were engineered. The sensor units were initially operated at air quality monitoring sites for 3 months for performance analysis and initial calibration. Afterwards, they were relocated and operated within a sensor network consisting of six locations for more than 1 year. Our analyses show that the employed O3 and NO2 sensors can be accurate to 2–5 and 5–7 ppb, respectively, during the first 3 months of operation. This accuracy, however, could not be maintained during their operation within the sensor network related to changes in sensor behaviour. For most of the O3 sensors a decrease in sensitivity was encountered over time, clearly impacting the data quality. The NO2 low-cost sensors in our configuration exhibited better performance but did not reach the accuracy level of NO2 diffusion tubes (∼ 2 ppb for uncorrected 14-day average concentrations). Tests in the laboratory revealed that changes in relative humidity can impact the signal of the employed NO2 sensors similarly to changes in ambient NO2 concentration. All the employed low-cost sensors need to be individually calibrated. Best performance of NO2 sensors is achieved when the calibration models also include time-dependent parameters accounting for changes in sensor response over time. Accordingly, an effective procedure for continuous data control and correction is essential for obtaining meaningful data. It is demonstrated that linking the measurements from low-cost sensors to the high-quality measurements from routine air quality monitoring stations is an effective procedure for both tasks provided that time periods can be identified when pollutant concentrations can be accurately predicted at sensor locations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of an ozone and nitrogen dioxide sensor unit and its long-term operation within a sensor network in the city of Zurich

Mueller

Meyer²,

Hueglin

2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…Using quantitative structure-property relationship modeling, the cytotoxicities or toxicities of ILs and the factors responsible for their toxicity were evaluated. Anions as well as cations of ILs were blamed for the toxicity of ILs [143][144][145][146][147][148].…”

Section: Il Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic liquids in sample preparation

et al. 2008

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Due to their unique properties, their good extractabilities for various target analytes, and the fact that many compounds are highly soluble in them, room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) are used as promising alternatives to the traditional organic solvents employed in sample preparation. ILs have been used as extraction solvents for a wide range of analytes, from environmental contaminates to biomacromolecules and nanomaterials, and as dissolution solvents for various detection techniques. In this paper, the main applications of ILs in sample preparation are reviewed, and the problems and challenges in this area are described.

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“…Electrochemical gas sensors can be divided into three main classes according to the operating principle: amperometric, potentiometric, and conductometric sensors. Gas sensors working based on amperometric principle provide relatively high analytical performance at modest cost [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%