<i>In Vitro</i> Plant Regeneration of <i>Morus indica</i> L. cv. V1 Using Leaf Explant

Abstract

Adventitious bud induction and plantlet regeneration were studied in a popular mulberry variety, V1 using leaf as an explant. Fully expanded leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium supplemented with thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.5 -4.0 mg/l), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5 -2.0 mg/l), indole acetic acid (IAA) (2.0 mg/l), gibberlic acid (GA 3 ) (1.0 -2.0 mg/l) silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) (2.0 mg/l) and different carbon sources such as sucrose, fructose and glucose (10% -30%) either individually or in combination to induce adventitious buds and regeneration. The highest percentage (63%) of adventitious bud formation and regeneration (68%) was achieved in the medium containing MS with TDZ (1.0 mg/l), IAA (2.0 mg/l) and AgNO 3 (2.0 mg/l). For subsequent regeneration and shoot elongation the MS medium having BAP (1.0 mg/l), GA3 (2.0 mg/l) and AgNO 3 (2.0 mg/l) was found to be suitable. Amongst the carbon sources tested, the most suitable carbon source was found to be sucrose (3%) followed by fructose (2%) for adventitious bud formation. Excised in vitro shoots were rooted (60% -80%) in half strength MS medium supplemented with indole-3-butyric acid (1.0 mg/l). The well rooted plantlets were hardened in soil + sand + farm yard manure (FYM) mixture with a success rate of 70% -90%. Since in vitro regeneration is highly genotype-dependent in mulberry, the standardized protocol can be effectively used for further improvement of this leading genotype using biotechnological approaches.

Micropropagation of Mountain Mulberry (Morus bombycis Koidz.) ‘Kenmochi’ on Cytokinin-Free Medium

“…Of course, direct or indirect organogenesis of adventitious shoots might be induced in in vitro cultures of mulberry [5]. However, the initial explants must be specially pretreated and placed on modified media, supplemented among others with TDZ or higher doses of BA [5,[35][36][37][38][39]. Since 1970, when the first article about successful micropropagation of mulberry was published [20], only one description of somaclonal variant has appeared [35].…”

An efficient in vitro shoot regeneration from leaf petiolar explants and ex vitro rooting of Bixa orellana L.- A dye yielding plant

“…Adventitious shoot regeneration using leaf explants is established for several woody plant species, such as Paulownia tomentosa (Corredoira et al 2008), Prunus serotina (Liu and Pijut 2008) Citrus sinensis (Khan et al 2009), Pistacia vera (Tilkat et al 2009), blackberry (Sandhya and Mahalaxmi 2009), Morus alba (Kodandaram et al 2013). Similar to earlier observations, kinetin did not promote shoot multiplication in any of the combinations tested in the present investigation (Madhuri and D'Souza, 2000).…”

Mulberry (Morus spp.) has the features to treat as a potential perennial model system

“…Mulberrysilkworm food chain also exhibits phytoremediation potential. 51 With the availability of germplasm resources, [16][17][18] molecular resources, efficient protocol for isolation of nucleic acids 52 as well as with the success in in vitro regeneration 53,54 and tree transformation, 14,15 mulberry can serve as a good model tree system. Prospecting and validation of specific trait associated genes in mulberry is needed for targeted improvement of mulberry and other related systems.…”