<i>In vitro</i> Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of <i>Garcinia kola</i> Seeds (Clusiaceae)

Abstract

The use of plants in health promotion is increasingly noteworthy in the face of the re-emergence of diseases and the limitation of conventional drugs. Garcinia kola (Clusiceae) is used in traditional medicine in Togo. The seeds, very used, are renowned for their anti-infective and antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to contribute to the valuation of Garcinia kola through the determination of its phytochemical groups and the evaluation of some of its biological activities. The supernatant was obtained by maceration ethanol/water (80/20) of powder from the seeds after separation. The phytochemical screening was carried out by staining and precipitation test. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and FRAP test. Assessment of anti-inflammatory activity was performed by test of denaturation of bovine serum albumin protein (BSA) and denaturation of egg albumin protein (EA). The evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the extract was carried out by the agar diffusion and micro dilution method. The antibacterial effect was assessed by the MBC/MIC ratio. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, triterpenes, sterols and cardiotonic heterosides. The extract has shown an important antioxidant and anti-free radical activity concomitantly with its phytochemical makeup. The anti-inflammatory test, meanwhile, showed the ability of the extract to inhibit protein denaturation. Furthermore, antibacterial test revealed that the supernatant has activity on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (MIC=3.125mg/mL). The result showed that the seeds of Garcinia kola have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities, which would justify phytodrug research.