Amount of Blood Lost During Some of the More Common Operations

Gatch, W. D.; LITTLE, W. D.

doi:10.1001/jama.1924.02660140033008

Cited by 65 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…These determinations were repeated at the end of operation while the patient was still anesthetized and before parenteral fluid had been given. In most instances blood loss during operation was measured, using the method of Gatch and Little (2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Blood and Interstitial Fluid Resulting From Surgical Operation and Ether Anesthesia 1

Stewart

Rourke²

1938

J. Clin. Invest.

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Much attention has been given in the past to the study of changes in the blood produced by hemorrhage. Considerably less study has been devoted to changes in body fluid resulting from ether anesthesia, though such findings as elevation of blood sugar, increase in hydrogen ion concentration of the blood, and reduction in plasma bicarbonate, have been well established. The present work presents measurements of changes in quantity, as well as concentration, of certain components of body fluid as found in 16 patients subjected to the traumatizing factors of major surgical operations and to ether anesthesia. The time chosen for obtaining data to compare with the preoperative normal values was just at the end of operation, while the patient was still anesthetized. None of the patients studied showed evidence of more than mild shock or anoxemia during the study period. METHODSOn the morning of operation, before administration of preanesthetic drugs, the fasting patient was weighed. Determinations were then made of plasma volume, body fluid "available for solution of thiocyanate" (1), hematocrit, plasma protein, serum protein and serum albumin. In addition, serum nonprotein nitrogen and serum sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate were measured. These determinations were repeated at the end of operation while the patient was still anesthetized and before parenteral fluid had been given. In most instances blood loss during operation was measured, using the method of Gatch and Little (2).Plasma volume was determined by the technic devel-

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Blood and Interstitial Fluid Resulting From Surgical Operation and Ether Anesthesia 1

Stewart

Rourke²

1938

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Several methods have been used in attempts to measure blood loss accurately. Gatch and Little (1924) extracted haemoglobin and measured it as acid haematin by photometric comparison with a series of acid haematin solutions prepared by diluting the patient's venous blood. Pilcher and Sheard (1937) used the spectrophotometer to measure oxyhaemoglobin concentrations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Precise estimation of postpartum haemorrhage: difficulties and importance.

Brant¹

1967

BMJ

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The accepted definition of postpartum haemorrhage is an estimated blood loss of at least 500 ml. after vaginal delivery. Estimation of blood loss is often unreliable, for few attendants have a clear appreciation of the appearance of 500 ml. of blood soaked into linen and the other accoutrements of delivery. Because of the failure to recognize the extent of haemorrhage, its true importance in maternal morbidity and mortality tends to be missed. Several methods have been used in attempts to measure blood loss accurately. Gatch and Little (1924) extracted haemoglobin and measured it as acid haematin by photometric comparison with a series of acid haematin solutions prepared by diluting the patient's venous blood. Pilcher and Sheard (1937) Controls.-(1) Five samples of fresh blood of known haemoglobin content and varying in volume between 100 and 300 ml. were allowed to clot in bins containing linen fabrics. The haemoglobin was recovered from each with errors of less than 2 %. (2) An excess of calcium ions was added to known quantities of haemoglobin in six samples of old stored blood varying in volume between 400 and 1,000 ml. These were spilt on the floor and on to fabrics, and again the errors of recovery were less than 2%. (3) Solutions of liquor amnii and of meconium in concentrations greater than would occur in the solution in the washing-machine bowl were not found to cause measurable absorption in the oxyhaemoglobin wave band. Determination of the Significance of the LossesThe blood losses recorded at the time of delivery were compared with the subsequent measurements.

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“…They employed the acid hematin method that involves washing all the sponges, linen and instruments free of blood and then adding hydrochloric acid to make the washing a 0.1 N solution. This solution was calorimetrically compared with a sample of acid hematin solution prepared from the blood of the patients taken before operation [19].…”

Section: Blood Loss and Dental Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-Operative Hemorrhage: A Review of Literature

Kathariya

2013

J Med Diagn Meth

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Despite the tremendous innovation in field of medical science and technology; intraoperative hemorrhage remains one of the major surgical complications encountered in day-to-day surgical practice. The morbidity and mortality associated with surgical hemorrhage are considerable and it remains a restraining factor for advanced surgical procedures. Intra operative hemorrhage may sometime cause significant complications and may even lead to alarming events.Clinical Significance: Clinicians should know the amount of blood loss during the surgical procedures to detect and treat any aberrant changes immediately. There are very few published reports on different techniques to measure intra-operative hemorrhage. However, there are on reports, which compile all the different techniques, which could be used for measuring intra-operative bleeding. This review compiles various ways to measure intra-operative blood loss to update and alert clinicians about its consequences.

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Amount of Blood Lost During Some of the More Common Operations

Cited by 65 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Blood and Interstitial Fluid Resulting From Surgical Operation and Ether Anesthesia 1

Changes in Blood and Interstitial Fluid Resulting From Surgical Operation and Ether Anesthesia 1

Precise estimation of postpartum haemorrhage: difficulties and importance.

Intra-Operative Hemorrhage: A Review of Literature

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