Amoebosis in the Flat-shelled Spider Tortoise

Ozaki, Kiyokazu; Matsuo, Kayoko; Tanaka, Otohiko; Narama, Isao

doi:10.1053/jcpa.2000.0417

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The protozoa were different from amoeba species that have been reported in colonic ulcers in tortoise as the pathogen [18,19], in that the present protozoa were smaller in size and negative by the PAS reaction. Tortoise and turtles are served as carriers for Entamoeba [2], Coccidia [14] and Cryptosporidium species [23].…”

contrasting

confidence: 80%

“…Mycoses in chelonian and reptiles has been considered to be associated with multiple factors involving immunosupression, poor physical condition, prolonged administration of antibiotics, poor housing condition, poor water quality, malnutrition, sudden change of temperature, and sequence from other organisms invasion such as bacteria and parasites [9,10,18,22]. Although basic reasons for the present case were not decided, the presence of atrophy of lymphoid follicles in the spleen might indicate decreased immune response.…”

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confidence: 90%

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Gastrointestinal Candidiasis in an Aldabra Giant Tortoise (Geochelone gigantea)

Juniantito

Izawa

Kuwamura

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. An adult female Aldabra giant tortoise (Geochelone gigantea) was found dead with a 2 month-history of decreased appetite. At necropsy, multiple ulcers were seen in the mucosa of stomach and colon. Histopathologically, the ulcers were characterized by extensive necrosis, hemorrhage, and marked edema, along with numerous chlamidospores and aseptate fungal hyphae. Fungal structures infiltrated into the lamina propria, submucosa and muscle layer; their invasion into blood vessels formed thrombosis. Immunohistochemically, the fungal structures were strongly positive with an antibody against Candida spp. This case is the first report on gastrointestinal candidiasis in an Aldabra giant tortoise.KEY WORDS: Aldabra giant tortoise, candidiasis, gastrointestinal ulcer.

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confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Gastrointestinal Candidiasis in an Aldabra Giant Tortoise (Geochelone gigantea)

Juniantito

Izawa

Kuwamura

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…As a distinct intestinal wall structure with layers was observed on ultrasonography in this case, it was assumed that the fibrinonecrotic cast originated from a fibrinonecrotic pseudo‐membrane loosely attached to the hyperaemic intestinal mucosa (Ozaki and others ). Fibrinonecrotic enteritis is a pathological condition most commonly found in piglets that sporadically die during pre‐ and postweaning periods (Sanz and others ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Spontaneously passed infarcted segments of the large bowel have been designated “casts” in humans, signifying expulsion of actual tissue or a structure outlining the large bowel lumen (Ardigo and others ). The aetiology of fibrinonecrotic casts is currently unclear, and several causes of infectious enteritis, such as Salmonellosis, Coccidiosis and Clostridium infections, ischaemic conditions, including toxic changes, foreign bodies, colitis and intussusception, and immune suppression have been proposed as predisposing factors for pseudo‐membrane formation (Phillips and others , King , Ozaki and others , Radostits and others , Sanz and others ). Ischaemia after surgery is considered a potential cause of large bowel casts in humans (Sakanoue and others , Ardigo and others ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of a fibrinonecrotic colonic cast in a kitten with feline panleukopenia virus

Lee¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2012

J of Small Animal Practice

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Ultrasonography of a cat with diarrhoea and vomiting revealed a multi-layered, discrete linear structure within the large intestine with retention of the intestinal layers which could potentially be confused with an intestinal intussusception. The structure was ultimately expelled from the large intestine during defecation, and confirmed as a fibrinonecrotic cast. The origin of the fibrinonecrotic cast was assumed to be an intestinal pseudo-membrane formed in enteritis caused by immune suppression due to the panleukopenia virus. To our knowledge, this is the first ultrasonographic description of a fibrinonecrotic cast and spontaneous passage of the colonic cast in the veterinary field.

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“…Snakes and lizards appear to be especially prone to clinical illness (Bonner, 2001). E. invadens is highly contagious and has caused outbreaks in juvenile (MacNeill et al, 2002) and wild-caught (Ozaki et al, 2000) chelonians, and in captive pythons (Kojimoto et al, 2001). Pathogenicity is also dependent on differences in strain virulence and ambient host temperature (Meerovitch, 1961;Garcia et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entamoeba sp. infection in a bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)

et al. 2020

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A 3-year-old, male intact, pet inland bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) presented with a history of diarrhea, progressive inappetence and weight loss. A palpable cranial celomic mass was identified on physical examination and confirmed to be hepatic in origin by celomic ultrasonography. Hematologic and biochemical abnormalities were mild and consistent with inflammation, regenerative anemia, and hepatocellular injury. Fine needle aspiration of the liver masses was suggestive of amoebiasis and the patient was humanely euthanized. PCR and Sanger DNA sequencing of liver aspirates were supportive of Entamoeba infection, although definitive speciation was not possible. Pathogenic amoebiasis due to infection by E. invadens has been reported in a wide range of reptiles and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in these species.

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Amoebosis in the Flat-shelled Spider Tortoise

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Gastrointestinal Candidiasis in an Aldabra Giant Tortoise (Geochelone gigantea)

Gastrointestinal Candidiasis in an Aldabra Giant Tortoise (Geochelone gigantea)

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of a fibrinonecrotic colonic cast in a kitten with feline panleukopenia virus

Entamoeba sp. infection in a bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)

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