Ammonium and Nitrate Nutrition of Plants

Haynes, R. J.; Goh, K. M.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.1978.tb00862.x

Cited by 519 publications

(285 citation statements)

References 272 publications

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“…In addition, bryophytes absorb more ammonium-N than nitrate-N and glycine-N. It was had been demonstrated that nitrate must be converted to ammonium before it is combined with carbon compounds (Haynes and Goh 1978;Margeson et al 1980). After the exposure of bryophytes to both ammonium and nitrate, nitrate reductase activity can be lowered by inhibiting NR-enzyme induction or by enhancing degradation of the induced enzyme because of the ammonium accumulation in tissues (Jauhiainen et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Wang

Shi

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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Due to their particular physiology and life history traits, bryophytes are critical in regulating biogeochemical cycles and functions in alpine ecosystem. Hence, it is crucial to investigate their nutrient utilization strategies in comparison with vascular plants and understand their responses to the variation of growing season caused by climate change. Firstly, this study testified whether or not bryophytes can absorb nitrogen (N) directly from soil through spiking three chemical forms of 15N stable isotope tracer.Secondly, with stronger ability of carbohydrates assimilation and photosynthesis, it is supposed that N utilization efficiency of vascular plants is significantly higher than that of bryophytes. However, the recovery of soil N by bryophytes can still compete with vascular plants due to their greater phytomass. Thirdly, resource acquisition may be varied from the change of growing season, during which N pulse can be manipulated with 15N tracer addition at different time. Both of bryophytes and vascular plants contain more N in a longer growing season, and prefer inorganic over organic N. Bryophytes assimilate more NH4+ than NO3-and amino acid, which can be indicated from the greater shoot excess 15N of bryophytes. However, vascular plants prefer to absorb NO3-for their developed root systems and vascular tissue. Concerning the uptake of three forms N by bryophytes, there is significant difference between two manipulated lengths of growing season. Furthermore, the capacity of bryophytes to tolerate N-pollution may be lower than currently appreciated, which indicates the effect of climate change on asynchronous variation of soil N pools with plant requirements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Wang

Shi

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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“…Total amounts in the soil and the availability of both N forms for the plant depend on soil properties, microbial processes in the soil, climatic factors, and the N input into the ecosystem (Haynes & Goh, 1978 ;Fangmeier et al, 1994 ;Bredemeier, Dorenbusch & Murach, 1995). Ammonium plays a more important role in soils of forest ecosystems as compared with agricultural soils, where good aeration and neutral pH favour nitrification processes and cause nitrate to prevail (Glass & Siddiqi, 1995).…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soluble N compounds in trees exposed to high loads of N: a comparison between the roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees grown under field conditions

et al. 1998

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During the growing session of 1995, the total soluble non‐protein nitrogen (TSNN) composition and contents of mycorrhizal fine roots, xylem sap and phloem exudates of roots from a coniferous (Picea abies L.(Karst)) and a deciduous (Fagus sylvatica L.) tree species were analysed at a field site (‘Höglwald’, Germany) exposed to high loads of N. In April, TSNN in fine roots of spruce and beech trees amounted to 16 μmol N g−1 f. wt and 23·3 μmol N g−1 f. wt, respectively. It decreased to 9·2 μmol N g−1 f. wt and 18·1 μmol N g−1 f. wt, respectively, after bud break in June. The seasonal maximum of TSNN in fine roots of spruce was observed in July (32·7 μmol N g−1 f. wt) followed by a decline of c. 30% until the end of the growing season in September. TSNN in fine roots of beech trees showed a further decline between June and July, when its seasonal minimum was determined (15·6 μmol N g−1 f. wt), and increased to c. 29 μmol N g−1 f. wt until September. In spruce roots Gln and Arg were the most abundant TSNN compounds during the entire growing season. In roots of beech Asn played an important role alongside Gln and Arg, especially in April, when it was the most abundant TSNN compound. Other proteinogenic and non‐proteinogenic N compounds comprised c. 20–30% of TSNN. Nitrate made up <1%, and ammonium <7% of TSNN in the fine roots of both species. In April, TSNN in the xylem sap of roots of spruce and beech trees amounted to 3·4 and 8·6 μmol N ml−1, respectively. In roots of spruce trees xylem sap TSNN increased after bud break up to 12·7 μmol N ml−1 in July. At the end of the growing season TSNN had declined again to 3·9 μmol N ml−1. TSNN in the root xylem sap of beech trees decreased after bud break until July (2·4 μmol N ml−1 in July) followed by a slight increase until September (2·9 μmol N ml−1). Arg, Gln and Asp were the most abundant TSNN compounds in the xylem sap of spruce trees contributing together c. 90% to TSNN. The same TSNN compounds prevailed in the root xylem sap of beech trees in April and July, whereas in June and September Asp was replaced by Asn comprising 57% of TSNN in June. In addition to the N compounds mentioned above, a number of other proteinogenic and non‐proteinogenic amino compounds were found in root xylem sap of both species. In either species, nitrate and ammonium were present in small amounts, contributing <1% and <4% to TSNN, respectively. Apparently, inorganic N taken up by the mycorrhizal roots is mainly assimilated in root tissues or by the mycorrhiza and N uptake by the roots is largely adapted to the assimilatory capacity of this organ. In phloem exudates of spruce roots, TSNN amounted to 10·7 μmol N g−1 f. wt in April, increased in June to 23·4 μmol N g−1 f. wt and decreased again until September to a seasonal minimum of 4·8 μmol N g−1 f. wt. In contrast to spruce, TSNN content in phloem exudates of beech roots showed a seasonal maximum (c. 20 μmol N g−1 f. wt) in April with a subsequent decrease in June after bud break (c. 2 μmol N g−1 f. wt). A fourfold increase in July was foll...

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“…A direct effect of ammonium on cation uptake systems has been assumed (Haynes & Goh, 1978 ;Lee & Ayling, 1993). Of particular interest are interactions between ammonium and potassium uptake (Scherer, MacKown & Leggett, 1984 ;Wang, Siddiqi & Glass, 1996 ;Smart & Bloom, 1998) and between ammonium and nitrate uptake (Lee & Drew, 1989 ;Jackson & Volk, 1995 ;Smart & Bloom, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis. II. The flows of cations, chloride and abscisic acid

1998

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Following a precultivation with pedospheric nitrogen nutrition, Ricinus plants were supplied with nitrogen solely by spraying nitrate or ammonium solution onto the leaves during the experimental period. The chemical composition of tissues, xylem and phloem exudates was determined and on the basis of the previously determined nitrogen flows (Peuke et al., New Phytologist (1998), 138, 657–687) the flows of potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, chloride and ABA were modelled. These data, which permit quantification of net‐uptake, transport in xylem and phloem, and utilization in shoot and root, were compared with results obtained in plants with pedospherically‐supplied nitrate or ammonium and data in the literature. Although the overall effects on the chemical composition of supplying ammonium to the leaves were not as pronounced as in pedospherically supplied plants, there were some typical responses of plants fed with ammonium (ammonium syndrome). In particular, in ammonium‐sprayed plants uptake and transport of magnesium decreased and chloride uptake was increased compared with nitrate‐sprayed plants. Furthermore, acropetal ABA transport in the xylem in ammonium‐sprayed Ricinus was threefold higher than in nitrate‐sprayed plants. Additionally, concentrations of anions were more or less increased in tissues, particularly in the roots, and transport fluids. The overall signal from ammonium‐sprayed leaves without a direct effect of ammonium ions on uptake and transport systems in the root is discussed.

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Ammonium and Nitrate Nutrition of Plants

Cited by 519 publications

References 272 publications

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Soluble N compounds in trees exposed to high loads of N: a comparison between the roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) trees grown under field conditions

Foliar application of nitrate or ammonium as sole nitrogen supply in Ricinus communis. II. The flows of cations, chloride and abscisic acid

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