Ammonia and Pine Tree Dieback in Belgium

Temmerman, Leen De; Ronse, Anne; Cruys, K. Van Den; Meeus-Verdinne, K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_95

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it should be noted that the plants in the present study were grown under rather favourable conditions. There are indications that the gases under investigation and in the concentrations used here may affect plants that endure stress also from other environmental factors (Van der Eerden 1982, De Temmerman et al 1988, Mansfield et al 1988). Therefore, the interaction of pollutant gases with other stress factors will require more attention.…”

Section: Xvansfer Of Soj and Nh Into The Leavesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Physiological effects of long term exposure to low concentrations of SO2 and NH3 on poplar leaves

Hove¹,

Kooten²,

Wijk³

et al. 1991

Physiol Plant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1991. Physiological effects of loog term exposure to low cotteentrations of SO, and NH, on poplar leaves. -Physiol. Plant 82: 32^0.Shoots of poplar {Populus euramericarm L. cv. Flevo) were exposed to filtered air, SO,, NH^ or a mixture of SO, and NH,, for 7 weeks in fumigation chambers. After this exposure gas exchange measurements were earried out using a leaf chamber. As cottipared to leaves exposed to filtered air, leaves pretreated with 112 (ig m"^ SO, showed a small redaction in maximum CO, assimilation rate (P^aJ and stomatal cotiduetanee (gJ. They also showed a slightly higher quantum yield and dark respiration. It! addition, the fluorescence measurements indicated that the CaSvin cycle of tlie leaves pretreated with 112 ng m^^ SO, was more rapidly activated after transition from dark to light. An exposure to 64 (ig m"^ NH, had a positive effeet on P^^,,, stomatal conductance and NHj uptake of the leaves. TTiis positive effect was counteracted by an SO, concetttration of 45 [ig m"^. The exposure treatments appeared to have no effect on the relationship between tiet CO,-assimilation and g^. Also, no injury of the leaf cuticle or of epiderttial eells was observed. Resistance analysis showed that NH3 transfer into the leaf can be estimated from data on the boundary layer aod stomatal resistance for H2O transfer and NH,. eoneentration at the leaf surfaee, irrespective of whether the leaves are exposed for a short or long time to NH, or to a mixture of NH, and SO,. In contrast SO, uptake into the leaves was only partly correlated to the stomatal resistance. The results suggest a large additional uptake of this gas by the leaves. The possibility of a difference in path length between SO, and HjO molecules is proposed.

show abstract

Section: Xvansfer Of Soj and Nh Into The Leavesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Physiological effects of long term exposure to low concentrations of SO2 and NH3 on poplar leaves

Hove¹,

Kooten²,

Wijk³

et al. 1991

Physiol Plant

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Deleterious effects of NH 3 on stomatal control exacerbate this threat (Van Hove et al, 1989). Ammonia can also accelerate weathering of the protective cuticle (De Temmerman et al, 1987). Thus, comparative studies to separate effects of the two forms of NH x need to be field based, to take account of the coupling between the environment and stomatal opening (Raven & Yin, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry deposition of ammonia gas drives species change faster than wet deposition of ammonium ions: evidence from a long‐term field manipulation

Sheppard

Leith

Mizunuma

et al. 2011

Global Change Biology

122

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although the effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition on species composition are relatively well known, the roles of the different forms of nitrogen, in particular gaseous ammonia (NH 3 ), have not been tested in the field. Since 2002, we have manipulated the form of N deposition to an ombrotrophic bog, Whim, on deep peat in southern Scotland, with low ambient N (wet + dry = 8 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ) and S (4 kg S ha À1 yr À1 ) deposition. A gradient of ammonia (NH 3 , dry N), from 70 kg N ha À1 yr À1 down to background, 3-4 kg N ha À1 yr À1 was generated by free air release. Wet ammonium (NH 4 + , wet N) was provided to replicate plots in a fine rainwater spray (NH 4 Cl at +8, +24, +56 kg N ha À1 yr À1 ). Automated treatments are coupled to meteorological conditions, in a globally unique, field experiment. Ammonia concentrations were converted to NH 3 -N deposition (kg N ha À1 ) using a site/vegetation specific parameterization. Within 3 years, exposure to relatively modest deposition of NH 3 , 20-56 kg NH 3 -N ha À1 yr À1 led to dramatic reductions in species cover, with almost total loss of Calluna vulgaris, Sphagnum capillifolium and Cladonia portentosa. These effects appear to result from direct foliar uptake and interaction with abiotic and biotic stresses, rather than via effects on the soil. Additional wet N by contrast, significantly increased Calluna cover after 5 years at the 56 kg N dose, but reduced cover of Sphagnum and Cladonia. Cover reductions caused by wet N were significantly different from and much smaller than those caused by equivalent dry N doses. The effects of gaseous NH 3 described here, highlight the potential for ammonia to destroy acid heathland and peat bog ecosystems. Separating the effects of gaseous ammonia and wet ammonium deposition, for a peat bog, has significant implications for regulatory bodies and conservation agencies.

show abstract

Plant Nutrition

Scherer

Mengel

Dittmar³

et al. 2002

Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fertilizers in the broadest sense are products that improve the levels of available plant nutrients and/or the chemical and physical properties of soil, thereby directly or indirectly enhancing plant growth, yield, and quality. Fertilizers are classified in terms of their chemical compounds. Straight fertilizers generally contain only one primary nutrient. Compound fertilizers contain several primary nutrients and sometimes micronutrients as well. Micronutrient fertilizers contain nutrients required in small quantities by plants, as opposed to macronutrients. They are also classified as solid or liquid fertilizers and as soil or foliar fertilizers, the latter being applied exclusively by spraying on an existing plant population.

show abstract

Ammonia and Pine Tree Dieback in Belgium

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Physiological effects of long term exposure to low concentrations of SO2 and NH3 on poplar leaves

Physiological effects of long term exposure to low concentrations of SO2 and NH3 on poplar leaves

Dry deposition of ammonia gas drives species change faster than wet deposition of ammonium ions: evidence from a long‐term field manipulation

Plant Nutrition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About