Amino acids and energy utilization in zero-tannin faba bean and co-fermented wheat and corn dried distillers grains with solubles fed to growing pigs1

Abstract

Application of alternative feedstuffs in swine diets will be dependent on characterization of their nutritive value. In 2 experiments, we determined the AA and energy utilization of Manitoba-grown zero-tannin faba beans (ZTFB) and co-fermented wheat and corn dried distillers grains with solubles (wcDDGS). Corn dried distillers grains with solubles (cDDGS) was also included for comparison. In Exp. 1, 6 ileal cannulated barrows (29.3 ± 1.3 kg) were fed 3 diets in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design to determine the apparent (AID) and standardized (SID) ileal digestibility of AA. The 3 diets contained ZTFB, wcDDGS, or cDDGS as the sole source of AA. The SID of N and AA were calculated using published values for ileal endogenous N and AA losses from our laboratory. In Exp. 2, 12 intact barrows (22.5 ± 1.1 kg) were fed 4 diets in a two 15-d period crossover design to determine DE and ME contents of the test ingredients by difference method. The diets were a basal corn-based diet or the basal diet with corn replaced by 46% ZTFB, wcDDGS, or cDDGS. The concentrations (DM basis) of GE (kcal/kg), CP (%), and Lys (%) in ZTFB were 4,144, 27, and 1.6, respectively, and corresponding values for wcDDGS were 5,112, 31, and 0.8. The ZTFB had greater (P < 0.05) SID of Lys (87%) compared with wcDDGS (72%) and cDDGS (68%); as a result, the SID content (g/kg DM) of Lys in ZTFB (13.5) was greater (P < 0.05) than that of either wcDGGS (6.03) or cDDGS (6.68). The dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) samples had greater (P < 0.05) SID and contents of sulfur AA (Met and Cys) compared with ZTFB. The ME content (kcal/kg DM) of ZTFB (3,548) was less (P < 0.05) than that of cDDGS (3,851) whereas the ME content of wcDDGS (3,669) was similar to that of ZTFB or cDDGS. The results showed that ZTFB has greater digestible Lys whereas wcDDGS has greater digestible sulfur AA but both ingredients have comparable ME content. Therefore, a blend of these 2 ingredients can serve as an excellent source of AA and energy for swine.

Amino acid digestibility of corn distillers’ dried grains with solubles with the addition of casein in pigs1

“…Similar approach has been used in determination of basal ileal endogenous losses of CP and AA in pigs by adding low concentration of casein into N-free diet to prevent the abnormal physiological condition caused by AA deficiency . The AID and SID of CP and AA in DDGS from pigs fed the diet containing DDGS without casein agreed with the previously reported values (Urriola et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2012;Kiarie et al, 2013;Xue et al, 2014) except for Lys, which was lower in the current experiment. It has been reported that the variation in the digestibility of Lys among sources of DDGS is greater than the other AA due to the Maillard reaction caused by heat damage (Stein and Shurson, 2009;Kim et al, 2012;Almeida et al, 2013).…”

“…The analyzed concentration of CP and AA in casein agreed with the values in previous reports (Cervantes-Pahm and Stein, 2010;NRC, 2012;Brestenský et al, 2017). The analyzed concentrations of CP and AA in DDGS were also within the range of values suggested in previous studies (Urriola et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2012;Kiarie et al, 2013;Xue et al, 2014), except for Arg and Lys, which were greater than the previously reported values. In addition, the concentrations of GE and ether extract in DDGS were less than the previously reported values.…”

The impact of faba bean with high or low content of tannins on the results of rearing and carcass quality of broiler chickens. Part I. Performance and slaughter results of chickens

“…In the present study, a higher amount of crude fibre was recorded in the seeds of low-tannin faba bean, which can be attributed to the fact that the seeds of this variety were visibly smaller than the high-tannin variety. The content of NDF and ADF fractions was in the ranges provided by Zijlstra et al [2008] and Woyengo and Nyachoti [2012], but it was higher than showed by Kiarie et al [2013] and Hanczakowska and Świątkiewicz [2014]. The amount of tannins determined in the seeds was nearly 60% higher in the low-tannin variation compared to the high-tannin plant (1.02% dry matter).…”

“…The amount of tannins determined in the seeds was nearly 60% higher in the low-tannin variation compared to the high-tannin plant (1.02% dry matter). This value was in the range (from undetectable to 1%) provided by Masey O'Neill et al [2012], Kiarie et al [2013], Hanczakowska and Świątkiewicz [2014] and Milczarek and Osek [2016].…”

Effects of distillers dried grains with solubles on amino acid digestibility, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of growing pigs1

“…However, the composition and digestibility of AA in DDGS may be influenced not only by the feedstock used in the ethanol plant, but possibly also by the year in which the grain was grown because grain composition may vary from year to year. There are, however, limited data on how these differences influence the digestibility of AA in DDGS ( Widyaratne and Zijlstra, 2007 , 2008 ; Nitrayová et al, 2012 ; Kiarie et al, 2013 ). Inclusion of wheat DDGS to growing-finishing diets resulted in contradictory effects on growth performance and carcass quality ( Stein and Shurson, 2009 ), which may be a result of incorrect diet formulation because wheat DDGS has low Lys digestibility ( Nyachoti et al, 2005 ).…”