Amino acids and derivatives, a new treatment of chronic heart failure?

Carubelli, Valentina; Castrini, Anna Isotta; Lazzarini, Valentina; Gheorghiade, Mihai; Metra, Marco; Lombardi, Carlo

doi:10.1007/s10741-014-9436-9

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…On the one hand, BCAA-rich diets or diets supplemented with BCAAs could improve metabolic health (14) and they could have benefits in patients with heart failure (15). On the other hand, several studies have shown detrimental associations between high plasma values of BCAAs and cardiometabolic diseases (16), especially obesity (17), insulin resistance (18), diabetes (7), and carotid intima-media thickness (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial

et al. 2016

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Background The role of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that baseline BCAA concentrations predict future risk of CVD and that a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) intervention may counteract this effect. Methods We developed a case-cohort study within the “PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea” (PREDIMED), with 226 incident CVD cases and 781 non-cases. We used LC-MS/MS to measure plasma BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine and valine), both at baseline and after 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was a composite of incident stroke, myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular death. Results After adjustment for potential confounders, baseline leucine and isoleucine concentrations were associated with higher CVD risk: the hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest vs. lowest quartile were 1.70 (95% confidence interval, 1.05–2.76) and 2.09 (1.27–3.44), respectively. Stronger associations were found for stroke. For both CVD and stroke, we found higher HRs across successive quartiles of BCAAs in the control group than in the MedDiet groups. Using stroke as the outcome, a significant interaction (P=0.009) between the baseline BCAA score and the intervention with MedDiet was observed. No significant effect of the intervention on 1-yr changes in BCAAs nor any association between 1-year changes in BCAAs and CVD were observed. Conclusions Higher concentrations of baseline BCAAs were associated with increased risk of CVD, especially stroke, in a high cardiovascular risk population. A Mediterranean-style diet had a negligible effect on 1-year changes in BCAAs, but it may counteract the harmful effects of BCAAs on stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial

et al. 2016

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“…For example, when catabolism is prevalent (e.g. during exercise), AA are released by the skeletal muscle to subsequently be converted into glucose by the liver to help in the functioning of the glucose-dependent organs (Carubelli et al 2015). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acids intake and physical fitness among adolescents

Gracia‐Marco¹,

Bel‐Serrat²,

Cuenca-García³

et al. 2017

Amino Acids

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The aim was to investigate whether there was an association between amino acid (AA) intake and physical fitness and if so, to assess whether this association was independent of carbohydrates intake. European adolescents (n = 1481, 12.5–17.5 years) were measured. Intake was assessed via two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Lower and upper limbs muscular fitness was assessed by standing long jump and handgrip strength tests, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20-m shuttle run test. Physical activity was objectively measured. Socioeconomic status was obtained via questionnaires. Lower limbs muscular fitness seems to be positively associated with tryptophan, histidine and methionine intake in boys, regardless of centre, age, socioeconomic status, physical activity and total energy intake (model 1). However, these associations disappeared once carbohydrates intake was controlled for (model 2). In girls, only proline intake seems to be positively associated with lower limbs muscular fitness (model 2) while cardiorespiratory fitness seems to be positively associated with leucine (model 1) and proline intake (models 1 and 2). None of the observed significant associations remained significant once multiple testing was controlled for. In conclusion, we failed to detect any associations between any of the evaluated AAs and physical fitness after taking into account the effect of multiple testing.

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“…Heart failure is the leading cause of death and hospitalization in Western Countries (Lombardi et al 2014;Carubelli et al 2015). Not surprisingly, it is estimated that heart failure directly and indirectly is responsible for $30.7 billion of the annual healthcare costs in the United States only and is estimated to even increase to $69.7 billion in 2030 (Mozaffarian et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not surprisingly, it is estimated that heart failure directly and indirectly is responsible for $30.7 billion of the annual healthcare costs in the United States only and is estimated to even increase to $69.7 billion in 2030 (Mozaffarian et al 2016). Despite the introduction of new drugs and treatments for patients with heart failure over the past few years, the prevalence of heart failure continues to increase and the quality of life remains poor (Heidenreich et al 2013;Carubelli et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do anabolic nutritional supplements stimulate human growth hormone secretion in elderly women with heart failure?

et al. 2017

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Growth hormone treatment has gained attention over the past decade as a treatment for heart failure. Human growth hormone (HGH) must be administered by injections (usually daily), so there is considerable advantage to stimulation of endogenous secretion by amino acid‐based nutritional supplementation. However, studies investigating the effect of amino acid (AA) supplementation show conflicting results. Therefore, in this study we aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional supplementation on HGH production in elderly women with heart failure. Eight elderly women with heart failure participated in this randomized cross‐over study. Plasma HGH concentration was measured before and for 4 h following ingestion of a mixture of protein, carbohydrate, and fat or an AA beverage. HGH concentration was determined with ELISA kits and AA concentrations were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LCMS). Linear mixed models was performed to analyze the effect of time, treatment, and interaction. Plasma arginine and lysine concentrations were significantly higher after consumption of the AA drink compared to the mixture of protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Nonetheless, only ingestion of the protein, carbohydrate, and fat mixture (meal replacement) increased HGH concentration. HGH concentration was increased in elderly women with heart failure following consumption of a meal replacement containing protein, carbohydrate, and fat. Consumption of a mixture of amino acids failed to increase HGH concentration despite significantly greater elevations in plasma amino acid concentrations, including arginine and lysine. The stimulatory effect of the protein/carbohydrate/fat mixture was presumably mediated by factors other than increases in free amino acid concentrations.

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Amino acids and derivatives, a new treatment of chronic heart failure?

Cited by 30 publications

References 87 publications

Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial

Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial

Amino acids intake and physical fitness among adolescents

Do anabolic nutritional supplements stimulate human growth hormone secretion in elderly women with heart failure?

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