Amino acid racemization dating of a 140 000 year old tephra‐loess‐palaeosol sequence on the Mamaku Plateau near Rotorua, New Zealand

Kimber, R. W. L.; Kennedy, N. M.; Milnes, A. R.

doi:10.1080/08120099408728109

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Relative dating methods such as amino acid recemization (e.g., Kimber et al, 1994), obsidian hydration dating , and historical records where available have also been used .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephrochronology and its application: A review

Lowe

2011

Quaternary Geochronology

643

535

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Tephrochronology (from tephra, Gk "ashes") is a unique stratigraphic method for linking, dating, and synchronizing geological, palaeoenvironmental, or archaeological sequences or events. As well as utilizing the Law of Superposition, tephrochronology in practise requires tephra deposits to be characterized (or "fingerprinted") using physical properties evident in the field together with those obtained from laboratory analyses. Such analyses include mineralogical examination (petrography) or geochemical analysis of glass shards or crystals using an electron microprobe or other analytical tools including laser-ablation-based mass spectrometry or the ion microprobe. The palaeoenvironmental or archaeological context in which a tephra occurs may also be useful for correlational purposes. Tephrochronology provides greatest utility when a numerical age obtained for a tephra or cryptotephra is transferrable from one site to another using stratigraphy and by comparing and matching inherent compositional features of the deposits with a high degree of likelihood. Used this way, tephrochronology is an age-equivalent dating method that provides an exceptionally precise volcanic-event stratigraphy. Such age transfers are valid because the primary tephra deposits from an eruption essentially have the same short-lived age everywhere they occur, forming isochrons very soon after the eruption (normally within a year).As well as providing isochrons for palaeoenvironmental and archaeological reconstructions, tephras through their geochemical analysis allow insight into volcanic and magmatic processes, and provide a comprehensive record of explosive volcanism and recurrence rates in the Quaternary (or earlier) that can be used to establish time-space relationships of relevance to volcanic hazard analysis.The basis and application of tephrochronology as a central stratigraphic and geochronological tool for Quaternary studies are presented and discussed in this review. Topics covered include principles of tephrochronology, defining isochrons, tephra nomenclature, mapping and correlating tephras from proximal to distal locations at metre-through to sub-3 millimetre-scale, cryptotephras, mineralogical and geochemical fingerprinting methods, numerical and statistical correlation techniques, and developments and applications in dating including the use of flexible depositional age-modelling techniques based on Bayesian statistics.Along with reference to wide-ranging examples and the identification of important recent advances in tephrochronology, such as the development of new geoanalytical approaches that enable individual small glass shards to be analysed near-routinely for major, trace, and rare-earth elements, potential problems such as miscorrelation, erroneous-age transfer, and tephra reworking and taphonomy (especially relating to cryptotephras) are also examined. Some of the challenges for future tephrochronological studies include refining geochemical analytical methods further, improving understanding of cryptotephra dis...

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“…Relative dating methods such as amino acid recemization (e.g., Kimber et al, 1994), obsidian hydration dating , and historical records where available have also been used .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tephrochronology and its application: A review

Lowe

2011

Quaternary Geochronology

643

535

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“…The earliest attempts to assign an age to the Rotoiti eruption utilised radiocarbon dating and were plagued by difficulties relating to the age limit for 14 C dating (generally considered to be ~40-50 ka) and contamination with younger carbon material (Froggatt and Lowe, 1990;Grant-Taylor and Rafter, 1971;Lowe and Hogg, 1995;Nairn and Kohn, 1973;Nathan, 1976;Pillans and Wright, 1992;Pullar, 1976;Pullar and Heine, 1971;Shane, 2000;Thompson, 1968a;Vucetich and Pullar, 1969;Whitehead and Ditchburn, 1994). For many years, Wilson et al's (1992) (Thompson, 1968b), 2 (Vucetich and Pullar, 1969), 3 (Pullar and Heine, 1971), 4 (Grant-Taylor and Rafter, 1971, 5 (Nairn and Kohn, 1973, 6 (Nathan, 1976), 7 (Pullar, 1976), 8 (Mcglone et al, 1984), 9 (Ota et al, 1989), 10 (Froggatt and Lowe, 1990), 11 (Buhay et al, 1992), 12 (Pillans and Wright, 1992), 13 (Wilson et al, 1992), 14 (Berryman, 1992), 15 (Berryman, 1993), 16 (Kimber et al, 1994), 17 (Whitehead and Ditchburn, 1994), 18 (Lowe and Hogg, 1995), 19 (Lian and Shane, 2000), 20 (Santos et al, 2001), 21 (Chappell, 2002), 22 (Charlier et al, 2003), 23 (Shane and Sandiford, 2003), 24 (Nilsson et al, 2011), 25 (Shane et al, 2006), 26 (Wilson et al, 2007), 27…”

Section: Previous Age Estimates For the Rotoiti Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

40Ar/39Ar age of the Rotoiti Breccia and Rotoehu Ash, Okataina Volcanic Complex, New Zealand, and identification of heterogeneously distributed excess 40Ar in supercooled crystals

Flude

Storey

2016

Quaternary Geochronology

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Co-magmatic granitoid clasts erupted as part of the Rotoiti Ignimbrite (Rotoehu Tephra) contain euhedral K-feldspar and biotite crystals that protrude into miarolytic cavities and show textural evidence for growth in super-cooled conditions, thus are interpreted as growing during eruption. 40 Ar/ 39 Ar stepped heating experiments on single K-feldspar crystals reveal the presence of heterogeneously distributed excess 40 Ar, preferentially released at lower temperature steps (most likely from fluid/melt inclusions), which cannot reliably be characterised by, or corrected for using isotope correlation diagrams due to mixing between three reservoirs of 40 Ar (radiogenic, atmospheric and excess). This excess 40 Ar component is common, but not ubiquitous, and an age population unmixing algorithm applied to single-crystal fusion data identifies a younger group of K-feldspar and biotite crystals that appear to be largely unaffected by excess 40 Ar. This population gives a statistically robust weighted mean age of 47.4 ± 1.5 ka (1σ, n = 13) and an indistinguishable inverse isochron age of 50 ± 3 ka for this historically difficult to date eruption. The weighted mean age is significantly younger than previous age estimates of the Rotoiti eruption obtained by K/Ar and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dating of bracketing lavas, but is indistinguishable from recent 14 C and (U-Th)/He dates and estimates based on orbital tuning and sedimentation rates constrained by 14 C ages.

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“…The suggestion by Whitehead & Ditchburn (1994) that this age might actually be even younger because of the work of Bard et al ( 1990) on corals is a red herring, as it is not known whether such a correction applies (as noted by Whitehead & Ditchburn 1994 themselves). Kimber et al (1994) used amino acid racemisation (AAR) of loess, tephra, and paleosol materials to estimate the age of Rotoehu Ash at Tapapa (Mamaku Plateau). Their age of 61 ka (no error published) is in good agreement with that of Wilson et al (1992).…”

Section: Radiocarbon Agesmentioning

confidence: 99%