Amino acid needs of lactating dairy cows: Predicting limiting amino acids in contemporary rations fed to high producing dairy cattle in California using metabolic models

Swanepoel, N.; Robinson, Paul H.; Erasmus, L.J.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.08.005

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The nutrient profile of the feeds (Tables 1 and 2) are generally similar to California feeds as reported by Swanepoel et al (2010) and Rauch et al (2012) and similar to feeds listed in NRC (2001). The TMR of the three treatment diets were similar in ingredient (Table 3) and nutrient (Table 4) composition and there were no differences among them.…”

Section: Ration Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…The aNDFom of the canola pellets were slightly lower than reported by Swanepoel et al (2010), but within the NRC (2001) range. The low quality alfalfa hay had a higher concentration of aNDFom compared to Swanepoel et al (2010), but was within the range reported by Rauch et al (2012).…”

Section: Diet and Dfm Yeasts Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The low quality alfalfa hay had a higher concentration of aNDFom compared to Swanepoel et al (2010), but was within the range reported by Rauch et al (2012). Desnoyers et al (2009), in a review article on modes of action of live yeast and yeast culture products on rumen parameters and milk production, discussed differences among experiments that might affect treatment response.…”

Section: Diet and Dfm Yeasts Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of two yeast based direct fed microbials on performance of high producing dairy cows

Leicester

Robinson

Erasmus

2016

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Highlights A yeast culture (XPC) or yeast/microbial culture (YST) were added to a Control (C)  Milk yield was higher with YST, but not XPC, and NE output was higher vs C for both  There were no impacts of either YST or XPC on measures of rumen fermentation  Lower apparent digestion of OM and CP for YST vs C and mainly higher plasma AA  A post-ruminal YST effect improved gut health causing higher absorption efficiency AbstractOur aim was to determine effects of two S. cerevisiae yeast based direct fed microbial (DFM) feed additives on the productive response of high producing early lactation dairy cows. The study consisted of three high producing Holstein cow pens (± 315 cows/pen) in a 3 x 3 Latin square design experiment with 3 periods of 28 d each. The 3 treatments were: 1) Basal total mixed ration (Control), 2) Control supplemented with "XPC" yeast culture at 14 g/cow/d and, 3) Control supplemented with "Yeasture (YST)" DFM at 10 g/cow/d. Milk (P = 0.01), milk true protein (P = 0.01), lactose (P = 0.01) and energy (P = 0.02) outputs were higher for YST cows, and there was a tendency for milk fat (P = 0.07) to increase compared to Control cows. In contrast, milk and component yields were not impacted by feeding XPC.2 Total net energy (NE) output was higher for both DFM treatments versus Control (YST (P < 0.01) and XPC (P = 0.01)), but neither treatment impacted the NE level of the diets. Total tract apparent digestibility of organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) tended to be lower (P = 0.08 and 0.05) than Control for the XPC treatment, while total tract apparent digestibility of OM and CP for YST cows was lower (P = 0.02 and < 0.01 respectively) than Control. Total tract apparent digestibility of ash-free neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom) and starch were not affected by treatment, and there was no effect of either DFM treatment on microbial CP (MCP) flow from the rumen. Total plasma essential amino acid (EAA) concentrations tended to be higher (P = 0.07) with YST, which was mainly driven by increases in threonine (P = 0.03), tryptophan (P = 0.02), valine (P = 0.08) and histidine (P = 0.06). Although total plasma non-essential amino acids (NEAA) did not differ with YST feeding, there was an increase in concentrations of glycine (P = 0.04), asparagine (P = 0.03), tyrosine (P = 0.05), serine (P = 0.07), proline (P = 0.06) and taurine (P = 0.07). In contrast, XPC had no impact on plasma concentrations of any AA. Overall, MCP flow and whole tract aNDFom data suggest no substantive impact of either yeast additive on rumen fermentation, but whole tract digestibility of OM and plasma AA concentrations suggest a post-ruminal effect of YST wherein gut health improved thereby leading to increased efficiency of nutrient absorption.

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Section: Ration Evaluationsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Diet and Dfm Yeasts Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Diet and Dfm Yeasts Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of two yeast based direct fed microbials on performance of high producing dairy cows

Leicester

Robinson

Erasmus

2016

Animal Feed Science and Technology

Self Cite

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“…Overall, the main feeds in our early lactation TMR were similar to what has been used and fed in California over the last decade (e.g., Swanepoel et al, 2010b) even though their ingredient profiles and inclusions (Table 2) varied considerably amongst farms. Most TMR contained some form of alfalfa in addition to corn silage, almond hulls, corn grain, cottonseed and canola meal (CM), but there were numerous ingredients that were only used in a few rations (i.e., corn earlage, corn gluten pellets, wheat millrun, rice bran, carrot and tomato wet pomace, soybean meal, cottonseed hulls, pomegranate wet pulp, sunflower meal, bakery waste).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Rumen microbial protein flow and plasma amino acid concentrations in early lactation multiparity Holstein cows fed commercial rations, and some relationships with dietary nutrients

2016

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“…The experiment was conducted from July Swanepoel et al (2010) and Silva-del-Rio et al (2010) found forage, acid detergent fibre (ADF), and CP contents of lactating dairy cow diets in California to range between 34-47%, 17-24%, and 16-19% of DM, respectively. Each period consisted of a 7-day adaptation, a 7-day rumen CH 4 emission measurement followed by a 24-h acclimation period to the metabolism cages as described by Knowlton et al (2010) and a 3-day total collection of urine and faeces period.…”

Section: Animals and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary crude protein and forage contents on enteric methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from dairy cows simultaneously

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The study aimed to examine, simultaneously, the effects of changing dietary forage and crude protein (CP) contents on enteric methane (CH 4 ) emissions and nitrogen (N) excretion from lactating dairy cows. Twelve post-peak lactating Holstein cows (157 AE 31 days postpartum; mean AE s.d.) were randomly assigned to four treatments from a 2 · 2 factorial arrangement of two dietary forage levels [37.4% (LF) vs 53.3% (HF) of DM] and two dietary CP levels [15.2% (LP) vs 18.5% (HP) of DM] in a 4 · 4 Latin square design with four 18-day periods. Alfalfa hay was the sole source of dietary forage. Cows were fed ad libitum and milked twice daily. During the first 14 days, cows were housed in a free-stall barn, where enteric CH 4 emissions were measured using the GreenFeed system from Days 8 to 14 in each period. Cows were then moved to metabolic cages, where faeces and urine output (kg/cow.day) were measured by total collection from Days 16 to 18 of each period. No dietary forage by CP interactions were detected for DM intake, milk production, enteric CH 4 emissions, or N excretions. There was a tendency for DM intake to increase 0.6 kg/day in cows fed LF (P = 0.06). Milk production increased 2.1 kg/day in LF compared with HF (P < 0.01). Milk fat content decreased in cows fed LF compared with HF (1.07 vs 1.17 kg/day; P < 0.01). Milk contents of true protein, lactose and solid non-fat were greater in cows fed LF (P < 0.01). No difference in DM intake, milk yield and milk contents of true protein, lactose and solid non-fat was found between cows fed HP or LP. However, milk fat content increased 0.16 kg/day in cows fed HP (P < 0.05). Enteric CH 4 emissions, and CH 4 per unit of DM intake, energy-corrected milk, total digested organic matter and neutral detergent fibre were not affected by dietary CP, but decreased by LF compared with HF (P < 0.01). Milk true protein N was not affected by dietary CP content but was higher for LF compared with HF. Dietary N partitioned to milk true protein was greater in cows fed LF compared with HF (29.4% vs 26.7%; P < 0.01), also greater in cows fed LP compared with HP (30.8% vs 25.2%; P < 0.01). Dietary N partitioned to urinary N excretion was greater in cows fed HP compared with LP (39.5% vs 29.6%; P < 0.01) but was not affected by dietary CP content. Dietary N partitioned to faeces was not affected by dietary CP but increased in cows fed LP compared with HP (34.2% vs 27.8%; P < 0.01). Total N excretion (urinary plus faecal) as proportion to N intake did not differ between HP and LP, but tended to be lower in cows fed LF compared with the HF diet (64.2% vs 67.9%; P = 0.09). Both milk urea N (P < 0.01) and blood urea N (P < 0.01) declined with decreasing dietary CP or forage contents. Based on purine derivative analysis, there was a tendency for interaction between dietary CP and forage content on microbial protein synthesis (P < 0.09). Rumen microbial protein synthesis tended to be lower for high forage and low protein treatments. Increasing dietary forage contents resulted in gre...

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Amino acid needs of lactating dairy cows: Predicting limiting amino acids in contemporary rations fed to high producing dairy cattle in California using metabolic models

Cited by 14 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of two yeast based direct fed microbials on performance of high producing dairy cows

Effects of two yeast based direct fed microbials on performance of high producing dairy cows

Rumen microbial protein flow and plasma amino acid concentrations in early lactation multiparity Holstein cows fed commercial rations, and some relationships with dietary nutrients

Effect of dietary crude protein and forage contents on enteric methane emissions and nitrogen excretion from dairy cows simultaneously

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