Amine-free CO₂-switchable hydrophilicity solvents and their application in extractions and polymer recycling

Abstract

Volatile organic solvents are used in almost every industry currently in operation. Their key advantage, being easily removed from products, is overshadowed by the issues associated with their vapour emissions,...

Temperature-Responsive Deep Eutectic Solvents for Highly Selective Separation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Reaction Mixture

“…More importantly, HMF can be recovered from the DES-rich phase by the addition of diethylamine (Figure 6d), 32,33 while DES can be easily regenerated by bubbling CO 2 because of the salting-out effect of ammonium salt generated by the reaction between CO 2 and diethylamine (Figure 6e). 34 In addition, diethylamine could be regenerated by ammonium salt through bubbling N 2 and heating and then reused in the next run. 7,35 The effects of concentration of the DES, pH of the system, temperature and time on the extraction efficiency of HMF, conversion rate of fructose, yield of HMF, partition coefficient (K HMF ), and separation factor (SF) of HMF were studied.…”

“…At this stage, HMF was transferred to the DES-rich phase, while the unreacted fructose was retained in the H 2 O-rich phase, and then selective separation of HMF was achieved (Figure c). More importantly, HMF can be recovered from the DES-rich phase by the addition of diethylamine (Figure d), , while DES can be easily regenerated by bubbling CO 2 because of the salting-out effect of ammonium salt generated by the reaction between CO 2 and diethylamine (Figure e) . In addition, diethylamine could be regenerated by ammonium salt through bubbling N 2 and heating and then reused in the next run. , …”

A comprehensive review on recent developments and future perspectives of switchable solvents and their applications in sample preparation techniques

“…One of the biggest benefits of switchable solvents is their ability to be regenerated repeatedly without losing extraction efficacy. [47][48][49] According to data from the years 2016-2022, there has been a small increase in the number of scholarly articles on green solvents (Fig. 3).…”

Perspectives from the 2022 Cohort of the American Chemical Society Summer School on Green Chemistry & Sustainable Energy

“…Continuing to improve yield, tune selectivity, and simplify purification steps are all targets for greener chemistry in organic synthesis. For example, switchable solvent systems utilizing CO 2 , such as those studied by the Jessop lab at Queens University, aim to reduce the toxicity of the solvent usage while maintaining function during organic synthesis and separations. , This aims to target primarily the principle of safer solvents and auxiliaries (Table ) and is related to a life cycle analysis activity during the summer school where the solvent usage in organic processes was interrogated. Going forward, further research into effective and safe separations to ensure purification, without incurring heavy solvent usage, is needed to lessen the pharmaceutical industry’s environmental footprint.…”