Aminated β‐1,3‐d‐glucan improves wound healing in diabetic db/db mice

Abstract

Delayed wound healing in diabetes is caused by neuropathy, vascular changes, and impaired cellular response to the injury. Macrophages are crucial in normal wound healing, and impaired functions of these cells have been shown in diabetes. beta-1,3-D-glucans stimulate macrophage function. This open-label study was performed to see if aminated beta-1,3-D-glucan (AG) stimulates wound healing in diabetes. Four groups (1-4) of diabetic db/db mice and one nondiabetic control group, db/+(5) were studied: group 1 (n=11): topical AG; group 2 (n=10): topical AG and subcutaneous insulin; group 3 (n=14): topical placebo and subcutaneous insulin; group 4 (n=10): diabetic control (placebo); group 5 (n=12): normal control (placebo). At the end of the experiments fasting blood glucose and A1C were (mean +/- SE) as follows: Group 1: 30.5 +/- 1.9 mmol/L and 11.3 +/- 0.6%; group 2: 12.0 +/- 1.7 mmol/L and 8.0 +/- 0.6%; group 3: 15.4 +/- 2.4 mmol/L and 7.4 +/- 0.3%; group 4: 32.6 +/- 2.6 mmol/L and 12.3 +/- 0.6%; group 5: 7.2 +/- 0.4 mmol/L and 3.9 +/- 0.04%, respectively. The closed wound area was the same in group 1 (AG alone) and group 2 (AG plus insulin) after 17 days, 57.3 +/- 4.7 vs. 50.1 +/- 4.9% (p=0.7). The results of these two groups were superior to group 3 (insulin treatment alone, 32.0 +/- 4.3%, p<0.001) and diabetic controls (38.2 +/- 5.1%, p=0.001). The macrophage-stimulant AG improves wound healing in db/db mice.

Protective Effects of Beta Glucan and Gliclazide on Brain Tissue and Sciatic Nerve of Diabetic Rats Induced by Streptozosin

“…It has been suggested that beta-glucans lowered postprandial glycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension [34, 35]. Also, it is reported that beta glucan improves wound healing in diabetic mice [36]. In addition, it has been suggested that beta-glucans may be used to prevent or treat excessive microglial activation during chronic inflammatory conditions [37].…”

Beta-glucans in the treatment of diabetes and associated cardiovascular risks

“…It may increase collagen synthesis (Portera et al 1997; Wei et al 2002). The study has shown that beta-glucan can help the healing of wound in db/db mice (Berdal et al 2007). This is related beta-actin activation of macrophage.…”

Effect of temperature and diet on wound healing in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

“…Yeast-sourced b-glucans are the mostly used immunostimulants in aquaculture, and their immunomodulatory effects have been described in numerous fish species (Ringø et al 2012;Dalmo and Bøgwald 2008). b-Glucans have also been shown to accelerate the wound healing process in mammals (Berdal et al 2007;Vetvicka and Vetvickova 2011) and fish (Przybylska-Diaz et al 2013).…”