American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic dentists' experiences of discrimination

Fleming, Eleanor; Mertz, Elizabeth; Jura, Matthew; Kottek, Aubri; Gates, Peter

doi:10.1111/jphd.12513

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Across both jurisdictions, Black male dentists were conspicuous by their near absence; an invisibility that could suggest entrenched structural obstacles, including racism. 56 The dentist workforce may not only be gendered but could be racialized, centered on anti-Blackness, particularly for Black men who do not have gender privilege. 57 Presence does not necessarily equate with power, responsibility, and authority to make decisions.…”

Section: A Criti C Al Discussion: the Unequal Feminiz Ati On Of The D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was a loss of 27 American Indian/Alaska Native male dentists between 2010, while the increases in the Hispanic male dentist workforce are seemingly disproportionate to the population. Across both jurisdictions, Black male dentists were conspicuous by their near absence; an invisibility that could suggest entrenched structural obstacles, including racism 56 . The dentist workforce may not only be gendered but could be racialized, centered on anti‐Blackness, particularly for Black men who do not have gender privilege 57 .…”

Section: A Critical Discussion: the Unequal Feminization Of The Denti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Are there more women in the dentist workforce? Using an intersectionality lens to explore the feminization of the dentist workforce in the UK and US

Fleming

Neville

Muirhead

2022

Comm Dent Oral Epid

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we seek to understand feminization of the dentist workforce moving beyond previous research that has looked at gender in isolation. We contend that little consideration has been given to how gender interacts with other important social identities such as race/ethnicity to influence the opportunities and barriers that female dentists encounter during their dental career. We argue that the scholarly debate about the feminization of the dentistry has not acknowledged the intersectionality of women's lives. Intersectionality describes how multiple social identities (such as race/ethnicity, gender, and class) overlap and interact to inform outcomes, creating disadvantages and/or privileges. Our thesis is that the increasing feminization of the dentist workforce is complicated and paradoxical, creating both opportunities for women and gender imbalances and blockages within the profession. To support our thesis, we critically reviewed the literature on feminization and analysed UK and US workforce data. While the female dentist workforce in both the UK and the US has increased significantly over the past decade, the growth in the number of female dentists was not equal across all racial/ethnic groups. The largest increase in the number of female dentists was among White and Asian women. Viewing the feminization of the dentist workforce through an intersectionality lens exposes the multiple and complex experiences of women, as well as the power dynamics in dentistry. Feminization in dentistry demonstrates the importance of presence, privilege, and power. Based on our assessment of the dentist workforce, dentistry may be less inclusive, despite being perceived as more diverse. Further research should explore how power and privilege may operate in dentistry. Dentistry should embrace intersectionality to provide an inclusive evaluation of equity in the workforce.

show abstract

Section: A Criti C Al Discussion: the Unequal Feminiz Ati On Of The D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Critical Discussion: the Unequal Feminization Of The Denti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Are there more women in the dentist workforce? Using an intersectionality lens to explore the feminization of the dentist workforce in the UK and US

Fleming

Neville

Muirhead

2022

Comm Dent Oral Epid

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An emerging literature also documents dental providers’ and trainees’ experiences of racial discrimination. Sixty‐three percent of racially minoritized US dentists have experienced race‐based discrimination within their professional lives, with disproportionately more Black dentists reporting race‐based discriminatory experiences (86.4%) than dentists who self‐identify in other racial‐ethnic subgroups 32 . The term racially minoritized is intentionally used as opposed to a racial minority to reflect an understanding that individuals are minoritized through a social stratification process based on power and domination rather than actual demographic proportions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination in dental trainees’ readiness for clinical practice

Akinkugbe

Raskin

Garcia

2023

Journal of Dental Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose/objective The aims of this study were to examine associations between heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination on readiness for clinical practice and to examine the mediating effects of social support and resilience. Methods A survey was distributed to dental trainees (dental and dental hygiene students) enrolled at a US dental school located in the mid‐Atlantic region. The survey assessed readiness for clinical practice and included measures of perceived discrimination, heightened vigilance, and the following wellness measures: perceived stress, resilience, anxiety, social support, and coping. Adjusted for gender, and race/ethnicity, we regressed heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination independently on students’ readiness for clinical practice. To assess mediation, we computed the direct effects of heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination and potential indirect effects mediated through social support and resilience. Results A total of 250 students who completed the survey had complete data on all variables. Five percent identified as Black or African Americans, 34% as Asians, and 8% as Hispanic/Latino. Sixty‐two percent were female and 91% were dental students. The overall mean (SD) heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination scores were 18.9 (4.9) and 10.5 (7.6), respectively. Only the mean score for heightened vigilance differed significantly by race/ethnicity (p = 0.02). Higher heightened vigilance (odds ratio [OR] = 0.75 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25, 2.23), and perceived discrimination (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.33, 0.88) scores were independently associated with lower adjusted odds of reporting high confidence in readiness for clinical practice even after adjusting for the mediating effects of social support and resilience, although the association for heightened vigilance was not statistically significant. Conclusions Heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination appear to negatively impact dental trainees’ career readiness. Intentional efforts to prioritize an anti‐racism approach within dental education programs and patient care across the nation are warranted.

show abstract

“…Despite this call to dental education programs, students in learning environments report discrimination, destructive communication, belittlement, and isolation 2 . In a 2012 survey of Black, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native dentists, 86.4% of Black dentists reported experiencing discrimination, with 60.8% experiencing discrimination in dental school, and 50.8% of them reported experiencing discrimination in dental school 3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 In a 2012 survey of Black, Hispanic, and American Indian/Alaska Native dentists, 86.4% of Black dentists reported experiencing discrimination, with 60.8% experiencing discrimination in dental school, and 50.8% of them reported experiencing discrimination in dental school. 3 The history of racism, oppression, and marginalization is an unfortunate hallmark of the Black experience in the United States. 4,5 Black students attend higher education institutions where racist ideologies and anti-Black stereotypes permeate their learning and social spaces, particularly at historically White colleges and universities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can academic dentistry become an anti‐racist institution?: Addressing racial battle fatigue and building belonging

Fleming

Smith

Ware

et al. 2022

Journal of Dental Education

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Racism, oppression, and marginalization are unfortunate hallmarks that Black individuals face in the United States. While dental schools serve as institutions of both learning and patient care, applying humanistic principles, they are not immune to racism, specifically anti‐Black racism. In this paper, the theoretical framework of racial battle fatigue is applied to academic dentistry to consider how it may impact faculty who have experiences with racism and discrimination. The framework of racial battle fatigue allows for a critique of academic dentistry as an institution that may be toxic, neither welcoming Black faculty members nor supporting their professional and career advancement, despite accreditation standards that call on these institutions to be humanistic environments for diversity and inclusion. Black faculty members may face unique challenges in academic dentistry because of racial battle fatigue. The cumulative stress may warrant unique strategies to both recruit and retain them in academic dental institutions. Specifically, pathways may need to be funded to insure that they have support and time allocations for professional development and career promotion. With understanding the effects of racial battle fatigue, dental schools may want to adopt policies and practices that support the professional and personal well‐being and success of faculty, especially those faculty members who are Black.

show abstract

American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, and Hispanic dentists' experiences of discrimination

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Are there more women in the dentist workforce? Using an intersectionality lens to explore the feminization of the dentist workforce in the UK and US

Are there more women in the dentist workforce? Using an intersectionality lens to explore the feminization of the dentist workforce in the UK and US

Heightened vigilance and perceived discrimination in dental trainees’ readiness for clinical practice

Can academic dentistry become an anti‐racist institution?: Addressing racial battle fatigue and building belonging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About