America and the Western Way of War

Hanson, Victor Davis

doi:10.1353/hsp.2001.0064

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Después del choque, si la lanza no se había roto, se sostenía por encima de la cabeza para clavarla hacia abajo en la masa del enemigo (Hanson, 1989). La posesión de un escudo en esta formación compacta imponía este golpe por encima de la cabeza, puesto que había que dar una estocada por encima de un escudo pesado, o incluso por encima de dos de estos escudos (el propio y el de tu oponente).…”

Section: La Lanza Corta Militarunclassified

La lanza: un arma efectiva desde la antigüedad

Dohrenwend

2012

Rev. artes marciales asiát.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumenLa lanza es quizá el arma más antigua del hombre, y puede que incluso también su herramienta más antigua. A lo largo de sus cientos de miles de años de existencia, evolucionó desde un palo con una punta afilada hasta un efectivo proyectil para cazar, y más tarde convertirse en el arma de mano con filo más efectiva nunca creada por el ser humano. La lanza y su utilización es el único arte marcial originalmente diseñada para usarse contra otras especies distintas a la nuestra, y, más que ninguna otra arma, la lanza enfatiza la relación entre la caza y la guerra. Prácticamente sin excepción, la lanza está presente allí donde hay humanos. La lanza puede reclamar ser el arte marcial más antigua, y es un arma que aún se utiliza hoy en día. Sus técnicas primitivas de manejo han sido preservadas por un pequeño número de escuelas japonesas de sojutsu, y los artistas marciales chinos modernos han desarrollado rutinas gimnásticas elegantes e impresionantes para la lanza. El lanzamiento de jabalina es una prueba del atletismo olímpico moderno, y hay personas que han resucitado el atlatl azteca para la competición deportiva. Hoy en día, la lanza todavía se utiliza en Europa para cazar el jabalí, y las reiteradas dudas que se mantienen respecto a la utilidad de la obsoleta bayoneta para los soldados modernos son un claro testimonio de un profundo respeto, casi instintivo, que tiene el ejército por la lanza.

show abstract

Section: La Lanza Corta Militarunclassified

La lanza: un arma efectiva desde la antigüedad

Dohrenwend

2012

Rev. artes marciales asiát.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We are in no position to do more than speculate as to the means by which such balance was achieved, but we are almost irresistibly tempted to use the well-worn Apollo and Dionysus trope about the Greek phalanx warrior, who "was thus asked to accomplish two difficult and almost mutually exclusive tasks: to unleash a wild fury in the initial crash, and then to maintain complete mastery of this savagery, to guide each step into the enemy columns with complete discipline." 118 …”

Section: Part 2: Music and Ancient Warfarementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhythm and Cadence, Frenzy and March: Music and the Geo-Bio-Techno-Affective Assemblages of Ancient Warfare

Protevi¹

2010

tae

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In one of many such passages in A Thousand Plateaus (hereafter "ATP") Deleuze and Guattari describe the assemblage as the imbrication of the social and the somatic, this time using an example from ancient Greek warfare:Assemblages [agencements] are passional, they are compositions of desire. Desire has nothing to do with a natural or spontaneous determination; there is no desire but assembling, assembled, desire [il n'y a de désir qu'agencant, agencé, machiné]. The rationality, the efficiency, of an assemblage does not exist without the passions the assemblage brings into play, without the desires that constitute it as much as it constitutes them. Detienne has shown that the Greek phalanx was inseparable from a whole reversal of values, and from a passional mutation that drastically changed the relations between desire and the war machine. It is a case of a man dismounting from the horse, and of the man-animal relation being replaced by a relation between men in an infantry assemblage that paves the way for the advent of the peasant-soldier, the citizen-soldier: the entire Eros of war changes, a group homosexual Eros tends to replace the zoosexual Eros of the horseman … Passions are effectuations of desire that differ according to the assemblage … Affect is the active discharge of emotion, the counterattack [la riposte], whereas feeling [le sentiment] is an always displaced, retarded, resisting emotion. 1 We are going to use this passage as a jumping-off point to examine some of the geo-bio-techno-affective assemblages at work in ancient Greek and Near Eastern warfare. We will look at the phalanx, but for greater contrast, we will not focus on the "zoosexual" horsemen, but on the berserker "runners" and their putative involvement in the 1200 BCE collapse of the Bronze Age kingdoms, of which Mycenae and Troy are the most famous examples. To describe these imbrications of the social and the somatic, I will use the term "body politic." 2 I have explored some dimensions of affect in contemporary military training; 3 here I am extending the analysis to ancient warfare.The article will have two parts. In Part 1, we're going to explore the ontology, biology, and history of affect. In each case we will put Deleuze and Guattari's work into the context of current research, primarily cognitive science, biology, anthropology, military history, and bio-cultural musicology. Exploring the ontology of affect will enable us to explain the exteriority of affect versus the interiority of emotion or "feeling." Exploring the biology of affect will take us to the biophilosophical school known as Developmental Systems Theory (DST) as it intersects new research in neuroscience. From this perspective, affective bodies are experientially constructed, and that experience is open to the social; it's a matter of variations on an inherited biological capacity for plasticity. In exploring the history of affect we will discuss cultural evolution and the anthropology of war. In Part 2, we are going to concentrate on the use of music in ancient ...

show abstract

“…Scholars have proposed a number of factors that contributed to this alleged abandonment of the laws of war. 76 Sparta's citizens were not hands-on farmers but professional soldiers who could afford to engage in full-bore warfare year-round (while state-owned serfs, the helots, worked each soldier's land) rather than being limited to seasonal small-scale battles. In the face of such "total warfare," states quickly jettisoned the laws of war and sought every advantage, from brutal treatment of prisoners of war to civilian massacres-or at least so the theory goes.…”

Section: Did the Laws Of War Constrain Greek States?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…75 Scholars who argue that the norms lost their force also posit that the conditions that created and supported adherence to the archaic laws of war did not apply to the two main protagonists in the Peloponnesian War, Sparta and Athens. 76 Sparta's citizens were not hands-on farmers but professional soldiers who could afford to engage in full-bore warfare year-round (while state-owned serfs, the helots, worked each soldier's land) rather than being limited to seasonal small-scale battles. In the case of Athens, the hoplites lost their political and social clout in the wake of the formation of a radical democracy and an imperial navy manned by ordinary citizens.…”

Section: Did the Laws Of War Constrain Greek States?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Laws of War in Ancient Greece

Lanni¹

2008

Law hist. rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the earliest and the most famous statements of realism in international law comes from ancient Greece: the Melian dialogue in history of the Peloponnesian War. In 416 B.C.E., the Athenians invaded Melos, a small island in the Aegean that sought to remain neutral and avoid joining the Athenian empire. Thucydides presents an account of the negotiation between the Athenians and the Melian leaders. The Athenians offer the Melians a choice: become a subject of Athens, or resist and be annihilated. The Melians argue, among other things, that justice is on their side. The Athenians dismiss arguments from justice as irrelevant and reply with a statement that many scholars believe represents view: “We both alike know that in human reckoning the question of justice only enters where there is equal power to enforce it, and that the powerful exact what they can, and the weak grant what they must.”

show abstract

America and the Western Way of War

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

La lanza: un arma efectiva desde la antigüedad

La lanza: un arma efectiva desde la antigüedad

Rhythm and Cadence, Frenzy and March: Music and the Geo-Bio-Techno-Affective Assemblages of Ancient Warfare

The Laws of War in Ancient Greece

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About