Amended Description of the Genus Kineosporia, Based on Chemotaxonomic and Morphological Studies

Abstract

The description of the genus Kineosporiu is amended after chemotaxonomic and morphological studies of the type strain of the type species, Kineosporiu uurantiucu JCM 3230. This organism yielded both LL-and rneso-diaminopimelic acids, which suggested that the former is present in the mycelium and the latter is present in the spores. There was no characteristic sugar pattern. A diagnostic phospholipid was phosphatidylcholine, and a major menaquinone component was MK-9(H4). No iso/anteiso branched fatty acids and no mycolic acids were observed. Colonies on agar lacked aerial mycelia, formed central projections including spores, and were occasionally accompanied by bunches of spore clusters in the agar. Spores were catenated or were located singly or aggregately at the tips of the vegetative hyphae. Our data indicate that the strain representative of the genus Kineosporiu shows some similarity to the spore dome actinomycetes described by Willoughby and by Makkar and Cross.The name Kineosporia aurantiaca was proposed by Pagani and Parenti in 1978 (11) for an actinomycete that lacked aerial mycelia and bore numerous sporangia, each of which contained a single zoospore, on the substrate mycelia. Analyses of the cellular components in the original description showed the presence of glycine and LL-diaminopimelic acid (A,pm) in the cell walls and arabinose, galactose, and xylose in the whole organism. Pagani and Parenti emphasized the structure of the sporangium of their strain, compared with the sporangia of the other sporangium-forming actinomycetes, and consequently placed it in the new genus Kineosporia .Recently, Hasegawa et al. (4) reported that whole cells of K . aurantiaca contain two isomers of A,pm, the LL and meso forms, but lack arabinose and xylose. Our analyses agree with the analyses of these authors. In addition, we observed that the spores are catenated or form aggregately at the tips of hyphae.Therefore, the description of the genus Kineosporia should be revised, and further studies on K . aurantiaca should be undertaken. We studied this organism to gain a better understanding of the taxonomy of the monospecific genus Kineosporia . MATERIALS AND METHODSStrain used, cultivation, and spore collection. K . aurantiaca JCM 3230T (= KCC A-0320T = Ah0312 Pagani and ParentiT) (T = type strain) was cultivated in yeast extract-glucose broth containing 10 g of yeast extract (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) and 10 g of glucose in 1,000 ml of distilled water (pH 7.2) at 28°C for 5 to 6 days and then harvested by centrifugation. The biomass consisted of mycelial mats and numerous zoospores; this preparation was designated whole cultured organism.Spores were collected from a spread culture grown on a dilute yeast extract-starch agar plate containing 0.5 g of yeast extract (Daigo Eiyo, Osaka, Japan), 2.5 g of soluble starch, and 15 g of agar in 1,000 ml of distilled water (pH 7.3) at 25°C for 6 days. The spread culture was dipped in distilled water, and the surface was lightly scratched to promote the release of m...

Planomonospora corallina sp. nov., isolated from soil

“…Cultures for scanning electron microscopy were prepared as described by Itoh et al (1989). Cultural characteristics of strain A-T 11038 T compared with those of previously described species of the genus Planomonospora were determined using standard procedures described by Shirling & Gottlieb (1966) on ISP2, ISP3, ISP4, ISP5, Czapek's agar and yeast extractstarch agar, following an incubation at 28 C for 14 and 21 days.…”

Taxonomic and ecological studies of actinomycetes from Vietnam: isolation and genus-level diversity

“…As various actinomycetes belonging to the genera Actinoplanes, Kineosporia [22][23][24] and Cryptosporangium 15,25 were frequently isolated from leaf-litter samples, as evidenced also by other reports, 26,27 it is conceivable that they may have an important role in the degradation of fallen leaves. It should be noted that these three genera belong to different families (Micromonosporaceae, Kineosporiaceae and Cryptosporangiaceae, respectively), which in turn belong to different suborders (Micromonosporineae, Kineosporiineae and Frankineae, respectively).…”

Actinoplanes siamensis sp. nov., isolated from soil

“…Samples on modified soil extract agar for scanning electron microscopy were prepared as described by Itoh et al (1989). Cultural characteristics of strain A-T 6646 T compared with those of Actinoplanes liguriensis, Actinoplanes cyaneus, Actinoplanes octamycinicus and Actinoplanes ianthinogenes were determined on various media described by Shirling & Gottlieb (1966), ISP 2, ISP 3, ISP 4, ISP 5, ISP 7 and yeast extract-starch agar, following incubation at 28 u C for 14 and 21 days.…”