Ameliorative Effect of &amp;alpha;-Tocopherol and Selenium on Effects of Malathion on Plasmatic Biochemical Indices and Lesions in the Liver of Rats

Al‐Othman, Abdulaziz; ALOthman, Zeid A.; Eldesoky, Gaber E.; Yusuf, Kareem; Aboul‐Soud, Mourad A. M.

doi:10.2174/1573412911208020214

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Our findings agree with Al-Othman et al [42] who revealed increasing levels of ALP, ALT and AST above the normal range due to long term exposure to pesticides. It was also found that exposure to organophosphourus insecticides increases the activity of, ALP, ALT, and AST enzymes [43].…”

Section: Demographic and Occupational Parameterssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It was also found that exposure to organophosphourus insecticides increases the activity of, ALP, ALT, and AST enzymes [43]. Our data demonstrated that frequent application of pesticides induced toxicity similar to that of repeated sublethal doses of pesticides, which may cause a tremendous alteration in the levels of liver enzymes [42]. It can be concluded that long-term occupational exposure to pesticides may result in cumulative leakage of enzymes as in the work of Dewan et al [44] which may resulting in severe damage of hepatic cells, hepatocytes and/or other body organs.…”

Section: Demographic and Occupational Parameterssupporting

confidence: 56%

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Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Nahhal¹

2016

ODEM

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The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were invited to a private clinic for blood sampling and enzyme analysis. All participants were male farmers of different age groups, and education levels. Occupational parameters indicated that majority of farmers used manual methods for pesticide works. About 130 pesticides are currently used in Gaza. Toxicological symptoms indicated that dizziness, headache, and nausea were dominant among farmers, whereas vomiting abdominal colic and tearing were less dominant. Acetyl Cholinesterase (ACHE) cumulatively inhibited among farmers after work whereas Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities were above range after long term exposure. It can be concluded that long term exposure to pesticides may damage liver and kidney cells resulting in hepatic-toxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Demographic and Occupational Parameterssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Demographic and Occupational Parameterssupporting

confidence: 56%

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Nahhal¹

2016

ODEM

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“…Parathion is known to show its toxic effects by inhibiting cholinesterase activity which could be due to the less food consumption and/or fluid and electrolyte loss. Our data are in consonance with those obtained by Ambali et al 21 and Al-Othman et al 22 Results showed that there is a significant increase in the relative liver weight in rabbits exposed to parathion compared Figure 1 Body weight pattern of rabbits orally administrated to 0.2 mg/kg/day of parathion for two weeks. * Significantly different from the control value at p < 0.05. with control rabbits ( Table 1).…”

Section: Body Weight and Relative Organ Weightsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…33 Our data demonstrated that repeated sublethal doses of parathion caused a significant alteration in the level of tested enzymes especially in the liver, which is the main vital organ of all biochemical processes in the body. 22 In conclusion: The present study demonstrated that excessive exposure to parathion caused cytotoxic changes in the hepatic biochemical markers. Hence these biomarkers might be used in addition to ChE activity to monitor the non target organisms' exposure to pesticides to take effective measures to avoid serious adverse health effects.…”

Section: Biochemical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…21 The liver plays a crucial role in the detoxification process and faces the threat of maximum exposure to xenobiotics and their metabolic byproducts, which lead to liver damage and hepatotoxicity. 22 The susceptibility of liver tissues to the stress resulting from exposure to pesticides is a function of overall cellular balance between the degree of oxidative stress and the antioxidant capacity. 38 In the case of liver injury resulting from hepatotoxicity, cellular contents are released, thereby increasing the level of liver enzymes above the normal threshold.…”

Section: Biochemical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of parathion exposure on some biochemical parameters in rabbit as a non target organism

Aly

El‐Gendy

2015

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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Background: Pesticides are widely used in order to enhance the food protection by controlling the unwanted insects and disease vectors in agriculture. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of repeated sublethal doses (0.2 mg kg À1 day À1 for two weeks) of the insecticide parathion on some biochemical parameters in rabbit. Methods: The activity of some enzymes; cholinesterase (ChE), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), carboxylesterase (CE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was determined in the brain, liver, kidney and heart. Results: Parathion administration markedly inhibited the activity of ChE. The activities of CE, GST, ALP, AST, and ALT in all organs of treated rabbits were increased. ATPase fluctuation was recorded in its activity, whereas ACP activity showed a significant reduction in the liver and kidney. Conclusion: The results indicated that changes in body and organ weights have been used as indicators of adverse effects of parathion and also alteration in tested enzymes activity can be used as relevant biomarkers for monitoring toxicity due to parathion exposure in non target organisms.

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Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

Badr

2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Organophosphorus insecticides toxicity is still considered a major global health problem. Malathion is one of the most commonly used organophosphates nowadays, as being considered to possess relatively low toxicity compared with other organophosphates. However, widespread use may lead to excessive exposure from multiple sources. Mechanisms of MAL toxicity include inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme, change of oxidants/antioxidants balance, DNA damage, and facilitation of apoptotic cell damage. Exposure to malathion has been associated with different toxicities that nearly affect every single organ in our bodies, with CNS toxicity being the most well documented. Malathion toxic effects on liver, kidney, testis, ovaries, lung, pancreas, and blood were also reported. Moreover, malathion was considered as a genotoxic and carcinogenic chemical compound. Evidence exists for adverse effects associated with prenatal and postnatal exposure in both animals and humans. This review summarizes the toxic data available about malathion in mammals and discusses new potential therapeutic modalities, with the aim to highlight the importance of increasing awareness about its potential risk and reevaluation of the allowed daily exposure level.

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Ameliorative Effect of α-Tocopherol and Selenium on Effects of Malathion on Plasmatic Biochemical Indices and Lesions in the Liver of Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Impact of parathion exposure on some biochemical parameters in rabbit as a non target organism

Organophosphate toxicity: updates of malathion potential toxic effects in mammals and potential treatments

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