Ameliorative and protective effects of ginger and its main constituents against natural, chemical and radiation-induced toxicities: A comprehensive review

Alsherbiny, Muhammad A.; Abd-Elsalam, Wessam H.; Badawy, Shymaa A. El; Taher, Ehab S.; Farès, Mohamed; Torres, Allan M.; Chang, Dennis Hsu-Tung; Li, Chun Guang

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.048

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 205 publications

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“…Among the natural plants, ginger is a kind of perennial herb belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. It originated from in the tropical regions of south east Asia and since then is widely cultivated across China [ 13 ]. Ginger is used as a spice in foods and beverages because of its characteristic spicy aroma and taste.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

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Though essential oils exhibit antibacterial activity against food pathogens, their underlying mechanism is understudied. We extracted ginger essential oil (GEO) using supercritical CO2 and steam distillation. A chemical composition comparison by GC-MS showed that the main components of the extracted GEOs were zingiberene and α-curcumene. Their antibacterial activity and associated mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were investigated. The diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of GEO against S. aureus was 17.1 mm, with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of 1.0 mg/mL, and minimum bactericide concentration (MBC) of 2.0 mg/mL. For E. coli, the DIZ was 12.3 mm with MIC and MBC values of 2.0 mg/mL and 4.0 mg/mL, respectively. The SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that some of the electrophoretic bacterial cell proteins bands disappeared with the increase in GEO concentration. Consequently, the nucleic acids content of bacterial suspension was raised significantly and the metabolic activity of bacteria was markedly decreased. GEO could thus inhibit the expression of some genes linked to bacterial energy metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell membrane-related proteins, and DNA metabolism. Our findings speculate the bactericidal effects of GEO primarily through disruption of the bacterial cell membrane indicating its suitability in food perseveration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2020

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“…Several experimental studies have reported that ginger has gastroprotective effects on the gastric ulcer rat models. [ 6 7 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible protective role of zingerone on ethanol induced entrotoxicity of jejunum in adult albino rats: Light and scanning electron microscopic study

Amer

2020

J Microsc Ultrastruct

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Introduction: Zingerone is a nontoxic important extract of dry ginger plant. It is reported that zingerone has an anticancer property, strong anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Aim of the Work: is to evaluate the possible protective effects of zingerone on ethanol-induced lesions on the jejunum of adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods: twenty four adult male albino rats were used, divided into 3 groups; A control group (I); consisted of 8 rats, ethanol group (II); contained 8 rats and each rat given 50% v/v alcohol at a dose of 4 g/kg.bw orally for 15 days. Ethanol zingerone group (III); consisted of 8 rats, each received zingerone at a dose of 50 mg/kg and alcohol at the same previous dose daily and orally for 15 days. At the appropriate time, the specimens were taken and prepared for light and electron microscope study. Results: Histological examination of jejunum sections of ethanol group (II) showed massive jejunal villi ulcerations with shedding of their surface epithelium, loss of the villous architecture and loss of the microvilli covering some enterocytes. Examination of ethanol zingerone group (III) showed evidence of improvement in the form of nearly normal architecture of the jejunal villi with few areas of ulcerations on the top of some villi and increased cells with mitotic activity. Conclusion: Accordingly, we can conclude that zingerone administration can remarkably ameliorate ethanol-induced enterotoxiciy and jejunal ulcerations in rats by its anti-inflammatory properties and by suppressing oxidative stress.

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“…On the contrary, non‐volatile compounds of the ginger extract mainly consist of gingerols, shogaols, paradols, zingerone besides other pungent components . In practice, ginger extract concerns with a wide range of therapeutic effects which are related to certain ingredients like zerumbone and 6‐gingerol that are known to exert activities of antioxidant, anticancer, antivirus, etc …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6] In practice, ginger extract concerns with a wide range of therapeutic effects which are related to certain ingredients like zerumbone and 6-gingerol that are known to exert activities of antioxidant, anticancer, antivirus, etc. [7,8] The steam distillation, solvent extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and other modern extraction techniques are still the most common methods for the production of ginger extract. However, these extract methods are associated with some drawbacks such as residual organic solvents, high equipment cost and high operating temperature which results in the degradative changes of the major compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Distillates Purified by Means of Molecular Distillation from Ginger Extract Obtained with Supercritical CO₂ Fluid

Wang

Zhao

Lü

et al. 2019

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The ginger extract obtained with supercritical CO2 fluid was purified by molecular distillation (MD), and the chemical compositions, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of ginger extract and its distillates were investigated. Analysis revealed that the ginger extract was rich in terpene hydrocarbons, along with oxygenated terpenes and other non‐volatile compounds. The MD distillates were prepared in a series of stages and the active compounds like terpenes and gingerols could be separated by MD. The major compounds of the distillates purified by MD at 40 °C, 80 Pa and 60 °C, 80 Pa were terpene hydrocarbons. Additional distillates obtained by MD at 80 °C, 80 Pa and 100 °C, 60 Pa were predominated by terpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenes. Until the operating conditions of MD reached 150 °C and 2 Pa, some non‐volatile compounds were concentrated in the final distillate. Moreover, antioxidant activities and the cytotoxic effects on three human cancer cells in final MD distillate were superior to other extracts, and this phenomenon could be mainly supported by the phenols. The MD could be used to prepare ginger distillates with better antioxidant and cytotoxic activities.

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Ameliorative and protective effects of ginger and its main constituents against natural, chemical and radiation-induced toxicities: A comprehensive review

Cited by 50 publications

References 205 publications

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

The possible protective role of zingerone on ethanol induced entrotoxicity of jejunum in adult albino rats: Light and scanning electron microscopic study

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Distillates Purified by Means of Molecular Distillation from Ginger Extract Obtained with Supercritical CO₂ Fluid

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Ameliorative and protective effects of ginger and its main constituents against natural, chemical and radiation-induced toxicities: A comprehensive review

Cited by 50 publications

References 205 publications

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Ginger Essential Oil against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

The possible protective role of zingerone on ethanol induced entrotoxicity of jejunum in adult albino rats: Light and scanning electron microscopic study

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Distillates Purified by Means of Molecular Distillation from Ginger Extract Obtained with Supercritical CO2 Fluid

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Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Distillates Purified by Means of Molecular Distillation from Ginger Extract Obtained with Supercritical CO₂ Fluid