Amelioration of Salt Affected Soils and Improvement of Rice and Wheat Yields by Adding Compost and Foliar Spray of Zinc, Potassium and Compost Tea

Abstract

Amelioration of salt-affected soils requires an integrated management approach, by eco-friendly environmental methods which help improve soil properties, increases crop yield and quality. Hence, a study was done to evaluate the performances of combined use of compost and foliar application of Zn, K and compost tea. In salt affected soil in the rice-wheat system. A field experiment at El Hamool district, Kafr El Sheikh governorate, Egypt was carried out during 2019 summer for rice and 2020 winter season for wheat. A split plot design with three replicates was performed. The main plots were occupied by levels of compost: C1 (2MgFed.-1), C2 (4MgFed.-1) and C3 (6MgFed.-1), (Fed= 0.41ha). Whereas, sub-plots were foliar application: control (T1), Zinc sulphate (T2), Mono potassium phosphate (T3), compost tea (T4), Zinc + potassium (T5), zinc + compost tea (T6), potassium + CT (T7) and Zn + PK + CT (T8). ECe and SAR) were significant decreased due to application of compost up to C3 (6MgFed.-1) while CEC and organic carbon were significantly increased by compost application, C3(6MgFed.-1). The highest results were recorded due to use of Zn+PK+CT and compost. The grain and straw yields of both rice and wheat were markedly increased due to application of compost and foliar nutrients. The highest values were noted with the interaction of C3 am and T8.Nitrogen uptake, N use efficiency and N-recovery for both rice and wheat were considerably increased due to application of compost and foliar treatments, the highest performance being observed in C3 coupled with T8.

Saline-Sodic Soils Treated with Some Soil Amendments and Foliar Application with Compost Tea and Proline for Improvement Some Soil Properties and Yield-Water Productivity of Rice

“…Concerning the impact of the treatments on soil chemical properties as pH, EC e and ESP (%), the impacts were in the following order: compost + gypsum ˃ gypsum ˃ compost ˃ control in both growing seasons. These results supported by [13,43] who found that application of gypsum followed by a mature municipal solid compost mix has been used to restore degraded sodic soils. Similarly, [44] reported that gypsum was effective in the reclamation of sodic soils.…”

“…This may be reflected the role of compost in increasing the soil aggregation, increasing the soil porosity and decreasing soil bulk density as well as improving soil properties [7,12], treatment of compost + gypsum was more pronounced the other treatment due the role of gypsum and compost on improvement the chemical and physical of the soil properties this results are supported by [2,13]. With respect to the effect of foliar application of compost tea or proline on soil bulk density and total porosity after harvesting of rice yield, data pointed out that soil bulk density and total porosity were nonsignificant effect in both seasons as shown in Table 4.On the other hand the soil bulk density and total porosity were non-significant affected by the inter action between the all treatment.…”

“…Saltaffected soils significant improvements soil physical, chemical, and biological characteristics with the application of compost [12]. Compost can potentially effect on improvement of the soil chemical properties and both of the rice plants growth and yields [13]. And suggest the succession of crops due to the great importance in the phytoremediation of soils [14,15].…”

“…In this context, the rice crop is introduced during the reclamation of saline-sodic [16].The threshold of average root zone critical salinity values for rice growth is 3 dSm -1 and slope 12 dSm -1 [17]. The application of compost has a positive effect on soil salinity due to its improving soil physical properties; hence it led to remove Na + from root zone [7], and promotes sustainability of salt affected soils because of its long-term ameliorative effects on physical, chemical and biological properties of soil [13,18]. Compost can alleviate salinity stress in plants by improving soil fertility promoting nutrient availability and plant growth [19,20], stimulating respiration, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content [21], and soil chemical, physical properties and its fertility parameters were influenced [22].…”

“…exchange complex particularly at alkaline pH values and reducing the exchangeable sodium percent (ESP %) of the saline soil; hence it led to remove Na + from root zone[10,13,25].…”