Amelioration of Salinity Effect in Salt Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Foliar Application of Putrescine

Krishnamurthy, R.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a078133

Cited by 57 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…The mechanism of growth inhibition produced by salt is still not clear, although it has been postulated that alteration in the nitrogen metabolism of the seed embryo axis may occur (Prisco 1971, Prisco andO'Leary 1970). Previous reports have demonstrated that exogenous application of Put appeared to counteract the effect of salt in early seedling growth of rice (Prakash and Prathapasenan 1988), and foliar application of the diamine improved growth under saline conditions (Krishnamurty 1991). In agreement, when exogenous Put, Spd, and Spm were added to the germination medium, growth was recovered in the 150 mM NaCl-treated plants, reaching FW values similar to the 100 mM NaCl-treated plants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Polyamines in Helianthus annuus L. during Germination under Salt Stress

Benavides

Aizencang

Tomaro

1997

J Plant Growth Regul

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The level of the three main polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine and the biosynthetic enzyme arginine decarboxylase (ADC) decreased in Helianthus annuus L. seedlings subjected to increasing (50, 100, and 150 mM) NaCl concentrations. The pattern of polyamines in control plants increased during the initial 72 h and then reached a plateau. The putrescine level showed an increase of 370% after 72 h of development. The lower salt treatment slightly diminished the overall polyamine content. The highest NaCl concentration (150 mM) induced a strong putrescine diminution (from 381 to 78.9 nmol g −1 FW) at 72 h whereas a small decrease in ADC activity was detected. ODC was detected in neither control nor treated plantlets during the experimental period. The level of spermidine also decreased, but the magnitude of the decay was less pronounced than putrescine. The fact that ODC was not detected and ADC activity followed a pattern similar to that of putrescine led us to suppose that the variation in putrescine content could be attributed entirely to the decrease in ADC activity. ␣-Difluoromethylarginine and ␣-difluoromethylornithine (ADC and ODC inhibitor, respectively) did not inhibit but delayed the onset of germination of sunflower seeds, and ␣-difluoromethylornithine increased the content of spermidine and spermine. The present data suggest that polyamines could be involved in the germination process of H. annuus seeds and in response to salt stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Polyamines in Helianthus annuus L. during Germination under Salt Stress

Benavides

Aizencang

Tomaro

1997

J Plant Growth Regul

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“…Krishnamurthy (1991) reported a 63 % decrease in chlorophyll content, with long term salinization treatments in wheat, and putrescine was effective in partially overcoming the reduction of chlorophyll. NO has also been reported to overcome the age induced decline in chlorophyll content in wheat seedlings (Tu et al, 2003) under oxidative stress (Belgini and Lamattina, 1999) and salt stress (Zhang et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of nitric oxide and putrescine on antioxidative responses under NaCl stress in chickpea plants

Sheokand

Kumari

Sawhney

2008

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Chickpea plants were subjected to salt stress for 48 h with 100 mM NaCl, after 50 days of growth. Other batches of plants were simultaneously treated with 0.2 mM sodium nitroprusside (NO donor) or 0.5 mM putrescine (polyamine) to examine their antioxidant effects. Sodium chloride stress adversely affected the relative water content (RWC), electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation in leaves. Sodium nitroprusside and putrescine could completely ameliorate the toxic effects of salt stress on electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation and partially on RWC. No significant decline in chlorophyll content under salt stress as well as with other treatments was observed. Sodium chloride stress activated the antioxidant defense system by increasing the activities of peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). However no significant effect was observed on glutathione reductase (GR) and dehydro ascorbate reductase (DHAR) activities. Both putrescine and NO had a positive effect on antioxidant enzymes under salt stress. Putrescine was more effective in scavenging superoxide radical as it increased the SOD activity under salt stress whereas nitric oxide was effective in hydrolyzing H 2 O 2 by increasing the activities of CAT, POX and APX under salt stress.

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“…In addition, there is, in many cases, a correlation between the accumulation of specific chemicals and the degree of tolerance shown by different varieties within a given species (Grumet and Hanson, 1986;Erdei et al, 1990;Jain et al, 1991). The second indication that these molecules are important comes from demonstrations that exogenous application enhances plant tolerance (Lone et al, 1987;Kavi Kishor, 1989;Genard et al, 1991;Krishnamurthy, 1991). The newest evidence showing the importance of one of these molecules is that genetically elevated mannitol con- centrations (Tarczynski et al, 1993) enhance plant growth under osmotically stressful conditions.…”

Section: B Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NaC1-stressed rice (Ouyza sativa L.), for example, accumulates polyamines (Krishnamurthy and Bhagwat, 1989) and Pro (Chou et al, 1991;Alia and Saradhi, 1993). When administered externally, these molecules have been found to protect plants from some of the damage that is caused by drought or excess salinity (Kavi Kishor, 1989;Génard et al, 1991;Krishnamurthy, 1991). Other plants have been found to accumulate common sugars (Kameli and Losel, 1993), polyols (Loescher et al, 1992;Alexander et al, 1994), or in some cases less common sugars such as trehalose (Fougère et al, 1991;Drennan et al, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Osmoprotectants upon NaCl Stress in Rice

et al. 1997

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Plants accumulate a number of osmoprotective substances in response to NaCl stress, one of them being proline (Pro). While characterizing some of the changes in solute accumulation in NaCIstressed rice (Oryza sativa L.), we identified several other potential osmoprotectants. One such substance, trehalose, begins to accumulate in small amounts in roots after 3 d. We performed a series of experiments to compare the effects of Pro and trehalose on ion accumulation to determine whether the two chemicals protect the same physiological processes. We found that Pro either has no effect or, in some cases, exasperates the effect of NaCl on growth inhibition, chlorophyll loss, and induction of a highly sensitive marker for plant stress, the osmotically regulated sa/T gene. By contrast, low to moderate concentrations of trehalose reduce Na+ accumulation, sal" expression, and growth inhibition. Somewhat higher concentrations (10 mM) prevent NaCI-induced loss of chlorophyll in blades, preserve root integrity, and enhance growth. The results of this study indicate that during osmotic stress trehalose or carbohydrates might be more important for rice than Pro.

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Amelioration of Salinity Effect in Salt Tolerant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Foliar Application of Putrescine

Cited by 57 publications

References 0 publications

Polyamines in Helianthus annuus L. during Germination under Salt Stress

Polyamines in Helianthus annuus L. during Germination under Salt Stress

Effect of nitric oxide and putrescine on antioxidative responses under NaCl stress in chickpea plants

Effects of Osmoprotectants upon NaCl Stress in Rice

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