Amelioration of melatonin on oxidative stress and genotoxic effects induced by cisplatinin vitro

Abstract

In this study, we made an effort to evaluate the possible protective actions of melatonin on cisplatin-induced oxidative damage in mice brain homogenate and genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes under in vitro conditions. The tissue homogenate was divided into three parts. The first portion was kept as control treated with dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) (group 1) while the second and third portion were treated with 24 µg/g tissue cisplatin alone (group 2) and 24 µg/g tissue cisplatin in combination with 3 mM melatonin (group 3), respectively. We measured the oxidative stress biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation, 8-hydroxy 2' deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and antioxidant parameters such as reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in brain homogenate. Likewise peripheral venous blood was collected from healthy donors and human lymphocyte culture was done using karyotyping medium. Cultures were divided into three groups. Group 1 was the control i.e. lymphocytes treated with DMSO 5 µg/mL. In group 2, lymphocytes were treated with 2 µg/mL cisplatin and group 3 with a combination of 2 µg/mL cisplatin and 0.3 mM melatonin. Incubation of tissue homogenates with cisplatin elevated the malondialdehyde and 8-OHdG levels which were then reversed by melatonin. Reduction in antioxidant parameters with respect to corresponding controls were also restored by melatonin treatment. Furthermore, supplementation of melatonin was found to modulate the chromosome damage elicited by cisplatin which was determined using Giemsa (GTG) banding and karyotyping. These findings suggest that melatonin improves the cellular function and helps them to survive in the belligerent environment created by free radicals.

Targeted treatment of cancer with radiofrequency electromagnetic fields amplitude-modulated at tumor-specific frequencies

“…Melatonin maintains the natural circadian rhythms of the body, participates in the oxidative stress response, and has reported antitumor effects by mechanisms such as cell cycle inhibition, apoptosis induction, and metastasis prevention, especially in hormone-dependent malignancies[44]. Melatonin modulation following EMF exposure was also reported in vivo [45].…”

Protective Effects of Luteolin on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Renal Injury in Mice

“…So far, the mechanism of LPS-induced toxicity has not been clearly elaborated; it has been proposed to be multi-factorial in nature, with involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and inflammation factors [9]. Enhanced production of ROS and decreased antioxidant enzymes are involved in the early stage of LPS-induced nephrotoxicity [10,11], which results in oxidative damage in different tissues and reactions with thiols in protein and glutathione that could cause cell dysfunction [12,13]. …”

Protective Effect of Melatonin on Cisplatin-induced Ototoxicity in Rats

“…Although melatonin has already been shown to be effective against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, testicular toxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity (29)(30)(31)(32), its protective effect against ototoxicity remains unclear. Considering the antioxidant effect of melatonin, in this study, we examined its ability to protect against the ototoxicity in rats treated with a single dose of cisplatin.…”