Amelioration of cardio-respiratory perturbations following Mesobuthus eupeus envenomation in anesthetized rabbits with commercial polyvalent F(ab′)2 antivenom

Zayerzadeh, Ehsan; Koohi, Mohammad Kazem; Mirakabadi, Abbas Zare; Fardipoor, Azadeh; Kassaian, Seyed Ebrahim; Rabbani, Shahram; Anvari, Maryam Sotoudeh

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2011.11.004

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The peptides are similar to known sodium channel‐specific toxins of other scorpions . Scorpion antivenom has preventive, neutralizing, and curative properties against M. eupeus scorpionism if applied at optimum time, dose and route . The LD 50 of A. crassicauda venom has been estimated as 1.1 mg/kg by electrical stimulation and 39.19 mg/kg by maceration of telson .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A random search of the literature, including journals, textbooks, books of abstracts, conference proceedings, and other periodicals, was conducted to establish the species of poisonous scorpions, their venoms, antivenoms, median lethal doses (LD 50 ), median effective doses (ED 50 ), their immunogenic reactions and the formulas used for calculation of both LD 50 and ED 50 . The following four formulas were extracted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Body weights and body surface areas of animals and humans were taken from Reagan‐Shaw et al and USEPA . The ED 50 s for antivenom against M. eupeus , A. crassicauda and T. pachyurus have been established, but were recalculated using the new and HED formulas. The routes of administration are indicated in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Saganuwan

2018

Anim Models and Exp Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background About 50 species of scorpions cause fatal scorpionism worldwide. Most of these are members of the Buthidae family, and include, among others, Mesobuthus eupeus , Androctonus crassicauda , Leiurus abdullahbayrami , Leiurus quinquestriatus , Tityus pachyurus and Androctonus australis . Because high doses of scorpion venom and antivenom can cause death and hypersensitive reactions, there is a need to develop a formula that can be used to calculate both lethal and effective doses for scorpion venom and antivenom, respectively, thereby obviating the need for laboratory experiments. Methods In view of this, a literature search was carried out with the aim of modifying the formula ( ) for calculation of the median lethal dose (LD 50 ) of scorpion venom and the ED 50 of antivenom. The human equivalent dose (HED) formula was assessed for extrapolation of LD 50 and ED 50 from animals to human for comparison and relevance with the new formula. Results The findings showed that the newly developed formula (LD 50 = ED 50 1/3 × W a × 10 −4 ) yielded results that are very close to the reported values. Therefore, the newly developed and HED formulas can be used for calculation of LD 50 and ED 50 values for scorpion venom and antivenom, respectively. Conclusion The new formula yielded better results than the HED formula, confirming its predictive validity, precision, and reliability, thereby obviating the need for rigorous experiments and justifying the principles of reduction, refinement, and replacement (3Rs).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Saganuwan

2018

Anim Models and Exp Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This so-called fabotherapy is based on administration of scorpion anti-venom serum produced in preimmunized horses. As polyclonal product, F (ab') 2 -based antivenom has potency to prevent histopathological injuries in tissue and to return into normal, metabolic parameters and electrocardiogram changes caused in patients after scorpion envenoming [61,62]. However, the efficiency of intra-muscular route for antivenom treatment of envenomed patients was not reported systematically in all cases [63].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the Androctonus Australis Hector Nanobody Nbf12-10 Antivenom to Neutralize Significantly the Toxic Effect and Tissue Damage Provoked by Fraction of Androctonus mauretanicus (Morocco) Scorpion Venom

R¹

2015

Biochem Pharmacol (Los Angel)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scorpion stings are life threatening in large parts of the world. Toxins from scorpion venom are responsible for severe metabolic and tissue disruption and immunotherapy is the only specific treatment able to neutralize the toxic effects of scorpion venom. The Androctonus mauretanicus (Am) is the most dangerous scorpion in Morocco, whereas in Tunisia Androctonus australis hector (Aah) is causing most casualties. In this work, we investigated the potential of NbF12-10, a new immunotherapeutic concept based on anti-toxin Nanobodies (Nbs) to neutralize Am scorpion venom. We first explored the immune cross-reactivity between Am and Aah scorpions venoms using anti-AahI and anti-AahII polyclonal, NbAahI'F12 (anti-AahI'), monospecific NbAahII10 (anti-AahII) monospecific and bispecific NbF12-10 (anti-AahI'/antiAahII) monoclonal antibodies and subsequently we study the histological damages observed after envenomation with the F3 toxic fraction of Am scorpion venom by intra-cerebroventricular (i.c.v) injection and the capacity of NbF12-10 to reduce tissue damage induced by F3 fraction after i.c.v administration of F3:NbF12-10 mixture, in mice. Results showed significant para-specific activity of anti-Aah polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies towards Am venom fractions. Histological investigations revealed severe tissue damage in brain, lung and liver after i.c.v. administration of F3 fraction. The NbF12-10 pre-mixed with F3 fraction showed an efficient neutralizing capacity against lethal effect of this toxic fraction. Moreover, in vitro pre-incubation of F3 with NbF12-10 at 8-fold molar excess led to significantly reduced tissue damage. Further, NbF12-10 displays a noteworthy potential to neutralize Am toxins and to rescue 50% of envenomed mice from dying. This study provides first evidence that NbF12-10 nano-therapeutic has promising prospective to treat scorpion envenoming in the Maghreb area.

show abstract

“…Antiserum against Buthus quinquestriatus from immunization of horses with crude venom as antigen has been proven to be effective [100], and high amount of antivenins is required to achieve satisfactory neutralization [101]. A. crassicauda antivenin could prevent, neutralize and cure M. eupeus scorpionism if applied at optimum time, dose, and route [102]. The LD 50 of A. crassicauda venom (1.1 mg/kg) and 39.19 mg/ kg [103] make it highly toxic.…”

Section: Treatment Of Scorpionismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicosis of Snake, Scorpion, Honeybee, Spider, and Wasp Venoms: Part 1

Saganuwan¹

2021

Medical Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Toxicosis is a poisoning caused by venomous animals such as snake, scorpion, honeybee, spider, and wasp. Their poisons contain amino acids, peptides, proteins, enzymes, and metallic ions that are responsible for neurotoxicity, hemotoxicity, and myotoxicity. Because of in vivo therapeutic challenges posed by toxicosis, there is need for ideal therapeutic agents against envenomation caused by venomous animals. Findings have shown that toxicosis could be treated symptomatically. Snake and scorpion antivenins could be used for treatment of poisoning caused by snake, scorpion, honeybee, spider, and wasp. The amount of antivenin is dependent on the quantity of venom injected into the affected individuals. More so, symptomatic treatments are also done according to the systems affected. Hospitalization is necessary for assessment of therapeutic success.

show abstract

Amelioration of cardio-respiratory perturbations following Mesobuthus eupeus envenomation in anesthetized rabbits with commercial polyvalent F(ab′)2 antivenom

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Effectiveness of the Androctonus Australis Hector Nanobody Nbf12-10 Antivenom to Neutralize Significantly the Toxic Effect and Tissue Damage Provoked by Fraction of Androctonus mauretanicus (Morocco) Scorpion Venom

Toxicosis of Snake, Scorpion, Honeybee, Spider, and Wasp Venoms: Part 1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Amelioration of cardio-respiratory perturbations following Mesobuthus eupeus envenomation in anesthetized rabbits with commercial polyvalent F(ab′)2 antivenom

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Determination of median effective dose (ED50) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Determination of median effective dose (ED50) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Effectiveness of the Androctonus Australis Hector Nanobody Nbf12-10 Antivenom to Neutralize Significantly the Toxic Effect and Tissue Damage Provoked by Fraction of Androctonus mauretanicus (Morocco) Scorpion Venom

Toxicosis of Snake, Scorpion, Honeybee, Spider, and Wasp Venoms: Part 1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula

Determination of median effective dose (ED₅₀) of scorpion antivenom against scorpion envenomation using a newly developed formula