Amalgamation and application of nano chitosan cross‐linked with fish scales based activated carbon as an adsorbent for the removal of reactive dye (RB9)

Abstract

The extensive discomfort in the expulsion of toxic pollutants even at mild concentrations has demanded the need for prompt methods for the evacuation of dyes and heavy metals. The effective method for depuration of dye from the effluent is by sorption. Chitosan is a bio-polymer which is gaining an increasing interest as one of the sorbents. It was obtained from the crab shells by undergoing several chemical processes and used as an adsorbent for dye, metal removal and also for pharmaceutical purposes. Cross linking it with other co polymers will increase the capacity of adsorption to a maximum level. Fish scales are considered to be a major waste in the food industry and since it takes a long time for decomposing it is considered to be one of the pollutants. Hence it is utilised by converting it into activated carbon by preliminary treatment and into a muffle furnace. The obtained activated carbon is combined with chitosan by using a cross linker and utilised for adsorption mechanism. To analyse the effect of chitosan cross linked with activated carbon obtained from fish scales in adsorption of dye Reactive Blue 9 (RB9) to evaluate the adsorption studies, kinetics, mass transfer studies, thermodynamics of the bio adsorbent.

Assessing the Plant Phytoremediation Efficacy for Azolla filiculoides in the Treatment of Textile Effluent and Redemption of Congo Red Dye onto Azolla Biomass

“…The decolorization level was elevated from 90.68 ± 3% to 95.15 ± 3% with increments in the concentration of CR9 from 100 to 200 mg/L. Additional expansion in the concentration led to a decrement in the percentage of CR9 decolorization from 95.2% to 80% owing to the substrate inhibition [20].…”

Magnetic nanobiosorbent (MG‐Chi/Fe 3 O 4 ) for dispersive solid‐phase extraction of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry determination

“…Recently, due to biosorbent biocompatibility and low cost, the adsorption of heavy metals in industrial wastewaters by biosorbents has received growing attention [ 16 , 17 ]. Chitosan is one of the most environmentally friendly and biodegradable polymers, with strong adsorption properties and broad functional potential [ 18 , 19 ]. The functional groups on chitosan such as amine and hydroxyl may cause an electrostatic reaction for metal ions [ 20 , 21 ].…”

One-Step Fabrication of Amino-Functionalized Fe3O4@SiO2 Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles as a Potential Novel Platform for Removal of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Solution

“…The bands at 810.25 cm −1 and 1031.81 cm −1 seemed familiar to symmetric stretching vibration, as well as the deformation vibrations, which confirm the silica coating on Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles [46]. The characteristic peak at 965.15 cm −1 corresponds to the silanol group (Si-OH), which confirm the aminofunctionalized Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 nanoparticles [47]. The absorption peaks at 3286.55 cm −1 , 1632.46 cm −1 and 695.26 cm −1 were attributed to amino group stretching and bending vibration [48].…”