Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment Across the Spectrum of Disease Severity

Neugroschl, Judith; Wang, Sophia

doi:10.1002/msj.20279

Cited by 109 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Further, the magnitude of the reduction in cholinergic system activity is correlated with the degree of cognitive impairment (Francis, Palmer, Snape, & Wilcock, 1999). Geriatric mild cognitive impairment is characterized by episodic memory impairment such as forgetting details of a recently viewed movie or conversations (Neugroschl & Wang, 2011). At early stages of AD, the cholinergic failure is also mild, and the impairment includes forgetting of daily events such as paying bills or taking medications (Neugroschl & Wang, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geriatric mild cognitive impairment is characterized by episodic memory impairment such as forgetting details of a recently viewed movie or conversations (Neugroschl & Wang, 2011). At early stages of AD, the cholinergic failure is also mild, and the impairment includes forgetting of daily events such as paying bills or taking medications (Neugroschl & Wang, 2011). On the contrary, at advanced stages of AD, the cholinergic dysfunction is profound, and there is also an important loss of cortical neurons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If these undisclosed memories are labilized and then enhanced through reconsolidation, one might get behavioral expression of the stored information. This statement would apply at least for recent episodic memories, whose loss is one of the characteristics of mild cognitive impairment and of early stages of AD (Neugroschl & Wang, 2011). In fact, there are no FDA-approved therapies for mild cognitive impairment, and the only approved pharmacological treatment for the early stage of AD is the administration of cholinesterase inhibitors (Hasselmo & LaFerla, 2007;Neugroschl & Wang, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Blake

Boccia

Krawczyk

et al. 2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Please cite this article as: Blake, M.G., Boccia, M.M., Krawczyk, M.C., Delorenzi, A., Baratti, C.M., Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (2012), doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.nlm.2012.07.001 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. were not subjected to memory reactivation, suggesting that the performance effects are not due to non-specific effects of the drug. The effects of Ch also depended on the age of the reactivated memory. Altogether, our results suggest that Ch exerts its effects by modulating memory reconsolidation, and that the memory impairment induced by low doses of SCP is a memory expression failure and not a storage deficit. Therefore, reconsolidation, among other functions, might serve to change memory expression in later tests. Summarizing, our results open new avenues about the behavioral significance and the physiological functions of memory reconsolidation, providing new strategies for recovering memories from some types of amnesia. Research highlights-Pre-training administration of scopolamine leads to memory impairment.-Intra-hippocampal administration of choline modulates memory reconsolidation -Choline reverses scopolamine-induced amnesia by enhancing memory reconsolidation -Low doses of scopolamine cause memory expression deficit, but not storage impairment -Reconsolidation could modify the ability of a memory for being expressed later

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Blake

Boccia

Krawczyk

et al. 2012

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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“…Calleo et al [19] reported that 43% of the patients with AD and anxiety who had a Neuropsychiatric Inventory score for anxiety of more than 4 points met the criteria for GAD. Some reports indicated that treatments for anxiety disorder, including short-acting benzodiazepine or cognitive behavioral therapy, were also effective for the treatment of anxiety in AD [20,21,22]. However, a consensus on how to define anxiety in dementia, including AD, has not yet been achieved [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between both Morphologic and Functional Changes and Anxiety in Alzheimer's Disease

Tagai

Nagata

Shinagawa

et al. 2014

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Introduction: Although anxiety symptoms are often observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), little attention has been paid to this symptom compared with other neuropsychiatric symptoms. Methods: Twenty-six patients with mild AD underwent both magnetic resonance imaging and single photon emission tomography with technetium-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer. Neuropsychiatric symptoms were evaluated using the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (Behave-AD). We investigated the relationship between anxiety and neuroimaging using Statistical Parametric Mapping 8 software. Results: The Behave-AD anxiety score was correlated with hyperperfusion in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortices and a reduction in the gray matter volume in the right precuneus and inferior parietal lobule. Conclusion: Our results suggest that anxiety in AD could overlap with the neural correlates of anxiety disorders, and that the specific degeneration associated with AD might be associated with anxiety.

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“…27 The present consensus states that MCI is characterized by clinical heterogeneity and that it includes amnestic (consisting of memory problems) and non-amnestic (consisting of impairment in other cognitive domains) phenotypes accompanied by subtypes of single and multiple domain classifications. 28,29 Prevalence rates of MCI in population-based studies including participants aged 60 and over, range between three percent and 19 percent, with higher rates associated with increasing age and lower education, [29][30][31] reaching even 42 percent among those aged 85 and above. 32 A recent systematic review of nine studies assessing the incidence of MCI showed the incidence of amnestic MCI to range between 28 and 36 per 1,000 person-years and the incidence for any type of MCI to range between 51 and 77 per 1,000 person-years.…”

Section: Definition and Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild Cognitive Impairment and Caregiver Burden: A Critical Review and Research Agenda

Werner

2012

Public Health Rev

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Aging is a global phenomenon that is accompanied by an increase in the number of persons with non-communicable diseases including dementia. Since this development requires public health attention to meet the needs of the increasing numbers of elderly persons and their caregivers, scientific and clinical research in the area of dementia and cognitive disorders during the last decade has shifted to focus on the early diagnosis of the disease and, more specifically, on mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI is associated with severe consequences at the societal, individual and familial levels. However, compared to the wealth of studies in the area of caregiver burden and Alzheimer's disease, research in the area of MCI and caregiver burden is still developing. The aim of the present paper was to provide an analysis of the status of research regarding caregiver burden in MCI. This review indicated that despite important advances, gaps in the knowledge and understanding of caregiver burden in MCI remain. Only a clear delineation of the uniqueness of the concept of burden of care in MCI, accompanied by methodologically rigorous studies, will inform the development of interventions geared to reduce the burden of family members of persons with MCI.

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Alzheimer's Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment Across the Spectrum of Disease Severity

Cited by 109 publications

References 40 publications

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Choline reverses scopolamine-induced memory impairment by improving memory reconsolidation

Correlation between both Morphologic and Functional Changes and Anxiety in Alzheimer's Disease

Mild Cognitive Impairment and Caregiver Burden: A Critical Review and Research Agenda

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