Alzheimer’s disease and impairment of the Self

Fargeau, M.-N.; Jaafari, Nématollah; Ragot, Stéphanie; Houeto, Jean‐Luc; Pluchon, Claudette

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2010.06.014

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, the control AD group who received unfamiliar music stimulation did not show any stabilization or improvement of the SC score after the music intervention. This result could be explained in terms of a link between SC and cognition [39, 48]. We observed a general cognitive deterioration, reflected by poorer scores on the MMS and FAS tests in the AD patients of the control group in the post-intervention phase, whereas the experimental AD group maintained similar MMS and FAS scores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Familiar Music as an Enhancer of Self-Consciousness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Arroyo-Anlló

Díaz²,

Gil

2013

BioMed Research International

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The main objective of this paper is to examine the impact of familiar music on self-consciousness (SC) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). For this purpose, two AD groups of 20 patients matched by age, educational level, gender, illness duration, and cognitive state were assessed using an SC questionnaire before and after music intervention. The SC questionnaire measured several aspects: personal identity, anosognosia, affective state, body representation, prospective memory, introspection and moral judgments. One AD group received familiar music stimulation and another AD group unfamiliar music stimulation over three months. The AD patients who received a familiar music intervention showed a stabilization or improvement in aspects of SC. By contrast, control AD group showed a deterioration of most of the SC aspects after unfamiliar music stimulation, except the SC aspects of body representation and affective state. Familiar music stimulation could be considered as an enhancer of SC in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Familiar Music as an Enhancer of Self-Consciousness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Arroyo-Anlló

Díaz²,

Gil

2013

BioMed Research International

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“…The default mode network, which is the main target of AD pathology (Seeley et al, 2009), is the neuroanatomical substrate for projection of the self to the past and future or, perhaps, the basis of “ego” itself (Carhart-Harris and Friston, 2010). Self-defining memories are prone to degradation in AD and a relationship between autobiographical memory impairment and weakened sense of self exists in AD (Addis and Tippett, 2004; Fargeau et al, 2010; Massimi et al, 2008; Orona, 1990). More specifically, Martinelli et al (2013) found difficulties in retrieving self-defining memories in AD patients, which they attributed to impaired reconstruction of episodic autobiographical memories.…”

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confidence: 99%

Similarity between remembering the past and imagining the future in Alzheimer's disease: Implication of episodic memory

2015

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Recent studies suggest that common cognitive processes and neuroanatomical substrates underlie the ability to remember the past and imagine the future. We studied these cognitive processes in patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). We asked 27 participants with AD and 30 older controls, matched by age, sex, and educational level, to generate past and future autobiographical events. Autobiographical generation was analyzed with respect to theme, general autobiographical performance, contextual performance, self-defining memories, and autonoetic reliving/re-experiencing. Unlike older controls, most AD participants evoked similar themes when generating past and future events (n=23/30 participants). These participants also showed similar autobiographical and contextual performance, similar amount of self-defining memories, and similar autonoetic states when generating past and future events. Further, significant correlations were detected between hippocampal-dependent memory decline in AD participants and their ability to relive past and future events. These outcomes suggest striking similarities between remembering the past and imagining the future in AD. Due to their memory decline, imagining the future in AD patients is likely to draw heavily from the little amount of available information from past episodes, resulting in striking similarities between remembering the past and imagining the future. Finally, and unlike AD participants, older controls mentally “try out” alternative approaches to upcoming situations without replicating the same schemes of past events.

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“…According to the authors, this suggested that PH"s failure to update her semantic self-knowledge could be ascribed to a temporally graded breakdown in semantic memory. Fargeau et al (2010) examined three domains of self in line with James" conception and found that in AD the social self (recognition of others and understanding of the way others look at oneself) is more vulnerable than the material self (recognition of one"s own body) and the spiritual self (values and philosophy of life). Fargeau et al (2010) deemed the self to be affected when the main caregiver reported behavioral changes (compared with the premorbid status) in response to a proxy questionnaire.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fargeau et al (2010) examined three domains of self in line with James" conception and found that in AD the social self (recognition of others and understanding of the way others look at oneself) is more vulnerable than the material self (recognition of one"s own body) and the spiritual self (values and philosophy of life). Fargeau et al (2010) deemed the self to be affected when the main caregiver reported behavioral changes (compared with the premorbid status) in response to a proxy questionnaire. The majority of patients proved to be impaired in at least one domain of self, and when only one domain was affected, it was always the social self.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sense of identity in advanced Alzheimer’s dementia: A cognitive dissociation between sameness and selfhood?

Eustache

Laisney

Juskenaite

et al. 2013

Consciousness and Cognition

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To cite this version:Marie-Lou Eustache, Mickael Laisney, Aurelija Juskenaite, Odile Letortu, Hervé Platel, et al. AbstractWe looked at whether sense of identity persists in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and if its profile remains the same between two examinations. A specifically designed protocol was administered to 16 AD patients in the mild to severe stages of dementia and to 16 matched healthy controls, both living in the same institution. We showed that sense of identity was broadly preserved in AD patients. The patterns of their responses were similar to those of controls, and remained consistent over a two-week period. However, some qualitative characteristics of sense of identity in AD patients differed significantly from those of controls, suggesting that AD patients may not be able to update their self-knowledge, probably because of their episodic memory deficit. These results are discussed in the light of both current models of the self and philosophical concepts such as sameness and selfhood.

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Alzheimer’s disease and impairment of the Self

Cited by 39 publications

References 35 publications

Familiar Music as an Enhancer of Self-Consciousness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Familiar Music as an Enhancer of Self-Consciousness in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

Similarity between remembering the past and imagining the future in Alzheimer's disease: Implication of episodic memory

Sense of identity in advanced Alzheimer’s dementia: A cognitive dissociation between sameness and selfhood?

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