Aluvión de Quito: una mirada comunicacional del desastre

Gómez, María Fernanda Paredes; Estrella, María Eugenia Molina; Carrera, María Paz Cerón

doi:10.29019/tsafiqui.v12i18.1042

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…La tarde del lunes 31 de enero del 2022, fuertes lluvias en la ciudad de Quito ocasionaron que un aluvión arrasara con personas, árboles, autos y viviendas en el barrio La Gasca (12), similar suceso a lo ocurrido 47 años atrás, el jueves 25 de febrero de 1975. Este acontecimiento se dio debido a las fuertes precipitaciones que sumada con la cantidad de material y escombros acumulados impidieron el flujo natural del agua, este se encausó y limitó la normal evacuación de fluidos de la quebrada.…”

Section: Riesgo Físicounclassified

From Informal Housing to Housing at Risk, Preliminary Diagnosis of Some Neighborhoods in Quito

Merizalde Zapata,

Lara Calderón

2023

espoch

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In the second half of the twentieth century in Ecuador, collective housing projects undertaken by the state began to emerge, while informal settlements consolidated on the outskirts of the city. The way in which these neighborhoods were consolidated has had an impact on the quality of life of their inhabitants. By allowing them to identify natural, social, and anthropic risks, they have accentuated and conditioned the safety of users, such as hillside location, context, materiality, accessibility, mobility, infrastructure, etc. The research is based on a comparative study of risks in three neighborhoods of Quito, to understand that both the participation of the people and the cooperation of the regulating entity are important for giving rise to housing projects. Based on the method proposed by Livingston and supported by the literature and bibliographic review, we seek to identify the risks that are generated or emphasized in the different stages of housing, highlighting the importance of building an integrated city based on the inhabitants and their way of inhabiting the space. Finally, we seek to understand that in the creation of housing projects, the appropriation of space makes it possible to turn a neighborhood into a community that reflects the diverse way of living of the users. Keywords: citizen participation, social housing, informal settlements, Quito. Resumen En la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Ecuador empezaron a surgir proyectos de vivienda colectiva emprendidos por el estado central, en paralelo en la periferia de la ciudad se consolidaron asentamientos informales. La forma en la que se consolidaron estos barrios ha tenido un impacto en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes; esto ha permitido identificar riesgos naturales, sociales y antrópicos, los mismos que se han acentuado y condicionan la seguridad de los usuarios, tales como ubicación sobre laderas, contexto, materialidad, accesibilidad, movilidad, infraestructura, etc. La investigación se basa en un estudio comparativo sobre riesgos presentes en tres barrios de Quito, con el fin de entender que tanto la participación de las personas como la cooperación de la entidad reguladora, son importantes al momento de dar lugar a proyectos de vivienda. Partiendo del método propuesto por Livingston y apoyado en la revisión literaria y bibliográfica, se busca identificar los riesgos que se generan o enfatizan en las diferentes etapas de la vivienda, resaltando la importancia de construir una ciudad integrada que tiene como base a los habitantes y su forma de habitar el espacio. Finalmente, se busca entender que en la creación de proyectos habitacionales la apropiación del espacio permite convertir a un barrio en una comunidad que refleja la forma diversa de habitar de los usuarios. Palabras Clave: Participación Ciudadana, Vivienda Social, Asentamientos Informales, Quito.

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Section: Riesgo Físicounclassified

From Informal Housing to Housing at Risk, Preliminary Diagnosis of Some Neighborhoods in Quito

Merizalde Zapata,

Lara Calderón

2023

espoch

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“…Although the material damage present in the area does not reflect a significant ity, inefficient planning can lead to more serious consequences; such as the case of happened on 31 January 2022 in the city of Quito, Ecuador, in the sector known Gasca, where a landslide, which consists of a flow of abundant water that drags w loose material from a hillside or stream [80], occurred which left a total of 170 peo fected, 28 dead, 41 houses affected, and seven houses destroyed. In addition to mo logical conditions such as the presence of hillsides and ravines [81], inadequate ma ment of the city's natural drainage, and poor territorial planning coupled with deton events such as heavy rains or earthquakes, can increase vulnerability to flooding [8 These events, under similar conditions, have also occurred in other areas of the (e.g., [84][85][86]) affecting infrastructure and the safety of inhabitants.…”

Section: Desing Of Selected Proposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stormwater Sewerage Masterplan for Flood Control Applied to a University Campus

et al. 2023

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Floods generated by rain cause significant economic and human losses. The campus of the Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL) has a drainage system that conducts stormwater to two discharge points outside the campus. The system works effectively at the macro-drainage level. However, a very crowded area is deficient at the micro-drainage level, which has registered flooding and the proliferation of vectors that affect people’s health. This work aimed to design a masterplan for stormwater sewerage by analyzing the existing situation and applying technical criteria that allow the establishment of solutions and strategies to control floods at the university campus. The methodology consisted of: (i) data collection and processing for the stormwater drainage system diagnosis; (ii) a design proposal for micro-drainage and (iii) a SWOT analysis to propose improvement strategies in water management. The resulting flows for return periods of 5 years, 10 years, and 25 years are 9.67 m3/s, 11.85 m3/s, and 15.85 m3/s, respectively. In the latter, as the most critical area (presence of flooding), the implementation of a trapezoidal channel 80.20 m long, with a capacity of 1.00 m3/s, for a return period of 25 years was proposed. The stormwater masterplan will contribute to the execution of activities within the campus and prevent accidents and the proliferation of diseases, constituting a water-management model that can be replicated locally, regionally, and internationally.

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