Aluminum for Plasmonics

Knight, Mark W.; King, N.S.P.; Liu, Lifei; Everitt, Henry O.; Nordlander, Peter; Halas, Naomi J.

doi:10.1021/nn405495q

Cited by 1,081 publications

(1,022 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Pd nanoparticles function as the optically lossy catalytic material coupled to the plasmonic AlNC "antenna." The AlNC core is surrounded by an intrinsic 2-to 4-nm self-limiting oxide (26), separating it from Pd islands grown directly onto the outside of the Al 2 O 3 shell using a weak-capping growth approach (27) (SI Appendix, Fig. S3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterometallic antenna−reactor complexes for photocatalysis

Swearer

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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413

548

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Metallic nanoparticles with strong optically resonant properties behave as nanoscale optical antennas, and have recently shown extraordinary promise as light-driven catalysts. Traditionally, however, heterogeneous catalysis has relied upon weakly light-absorbing metals such as Pd, Pt, Ru, or Rh to lower the activation energy for chemical reactions. Here we show that coupling a plasmonic nanoantenna directly to catalytic nanoparticles enables the light-induced generation of hot carriers within the catalyst nanoparticles, transforming the entire complex into an efficient light-controlled reactive catalyst. In Pd-decorated Al nanocrystals, photocatalytic hydrogen desorption closely follows the antenna-induced local absorption cross-section of the Pd islands, and a supralinear power dependence strongly suggests that hot-carrier-induced desorption occurs at the Pd island surface. When acetylene is present along with hydrogen, the selectivity for photocatalytic ethylene production relative to ethane is strongly enhanced, approaching 40:1. These observations indicate that antenna−reactor complexes may greatly expand possibilities for developing designer photocatalytic substrates.plasmon | photocatalysis | nanoparticle | catalysis | aluminum I ndustrial processes depend extensively on heterogeneous catalysts for chemical production and mitigation of environmental pollutants. These processes often rely on metal nanoparticles dispersed into high surface area support materials to both maximize catalytically active surface area and for the most cost-effective use of expensive catalysts such as Pd, Pt, Ru, or Rh (1, 2). However, catalytic processes utilizing transition metal nanoparticles are often energyintensive, relying on high temperatures and pressures to maximize catalytic activity. A transition from extreme, high-temperature conditions to low-temperature activation of catalytically active transition metal nanoparticles could have widespread impact, substantially reducing the current energy demands of heterogeneous catalysis.Light-driven chemical transformations offer an attractive and ultimately sustainable alternative to traditional high-temperature catalytic reactions. Metallic plasmonic nanostructures are a new paradigm in photoactive heterogeneous catalysts (3-6). Plasmonic nanoparticles uniquely couple electron density with electromagnetic radiation, leading to a collective oscillation of the conduction electrons in resonance with the frequency of incident light, known as a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). These resonances lead to enhanced light absorption in an area much larger than the physical cross-section of the nanoparticle, and such optical antenna effects result in strongly enhanced electromagnetic fields near the nanoparticle surface. An LSPR can be damped through radiative reemission of a photon, or nonradiative Landau damping with the creation of energetic "hot" carriers: electrons above the Fermi energy of the metal and/or holes below the Fermi energy. In this context, "hot" refers to carri...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterometallic antenna−reactor complexes for photocatalysis

Swearer

Zhao

Zhou

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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413

548

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Interest in these nanoparticles has been based largely on their vivid optical properties, which are due to their collective electronic resonances, known as surface plasmons. Exquisite size and shape control has been achieved in the synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles such as gold, silver, and platinum, but the intrinsic properties and high cost of these noble metals present significant limitations for large-scale use.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…[3][4][5]7 Recent research on lithographically-fabricated aluminum nanostructures demonstrated that the plasmon resonance is highly sensitive to oxygen content, redshifting and attenuating the plasmon resonance with increasing oxygen content. 4 Chemical methods for the synthesis of Aluminum nanoparticles have involved the thermal decomposition of an aluminum hydride with a titanium catalyst, but size and shape control have proven to be problematic with this approach. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] In this letter we report the facile synthesis of highly regular, faceted aluminum nanocrystals with controllable nanocrystal diameters ranging from 70 to greater than 200 nm.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This thin layer does not significantly alter the plasmonic properties of the nanoparticle and does not prevent efficient plasmon excitation, either in optical spectroscopy or electron-based techniques 4 . In addition to mapping core elemental transitions and surface plasmons, EELS also provides a handle on the bulk plasmon, which is particularly pronounced in Al (Figure 4c …”

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confidence: 99%

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Aluminum Nanocrystals

McClain¹,

Schlather²,

Ringe³

et al. 2015

Nano Lett.

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Abstract:We demonstrate the facile synthesis of high purity aluminum nanocrystals over a range of controlled sizes from 70 nm to 220 nm diameter, with size control achieved through a simple modification of solvent ratios in the reaction solution. The monodisperse, icosahedral and trigonal bipyramidal nanocrystals are air-stable for weeks, due to the formation of a 2-4 nm thick passivating oxide layer on their surfaces. We show that the nanocrystals support sizedependent ultraviolet and visible plasmon modes, providing a far more sustainable alternative to gold and silver nanoparticles currently in widespread use.

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“…A WignerSeitz radius r s = 4 a 0 , characteristic of the Na metal, is used (a 0 = 0.53 Å is the Bohr radius). Together with Al, recently placed at the focus of research in plasmonics 61,62 , Na is a prototype of a free electron metal 63 , and it allows to address plasmon resonances within a frequency range similar to that of silver and gold nanoparticles. The neutral system comprises N e = 304 electrons and has a height h = 3.99 a 0 (2.1 Å) corresponding to the spacing between atomic planes of the Na(100) surface 64 .…”

Section: A Model Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum description of the optical response of charged monolayer–thick metallic patch nanoantennas

et al. 2017

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The optical response of small charged metallic nanodisks of one atomic monolayer thickness is analysed under the excitation by an incident plane wave and by a localised point-like dipole. Using the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and classical electrodynamical calculations we identify the bright and dark plasmon modes and study their evolution under external charging of the nanostructure. For neutral nanodisks, despite their monolayer thickness, the in-plane optical response, as obtained from TDDFT, is in agreement with classical electromagnetic results. The optical response for an incident wave polarised perpendicular to the nanostructure cannot be retrieved classically as it reflects a discrete energy structure of electronic levels. This latter situation appears most sensitive to external charging while the energy of the in-plane plasmon with dipolar character is nearly charge-independent.

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Aluminum for Plasmonics

Cited by 1,081 publications

References 51 publications

Heterometallic antenna−reactor complexes for photocatalysis

Heterometallic antenna−reactor complexes for photocatalysis

Aluminum Nanocrystals

Quantum description of the optical response of charged monolayer–thick metallic patch nanoantennas

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