Alumina and Zirconia-Reinforced Polyamide PA-12 Composites for Biomedical Additive Manufacturing

Nakonieczny, Damian S.; Kern, Frank; Dufner, Lukas; Antonowicz, Magdalena; Matus, Krzysztof

doi:10.3390/ma14206201

Cited by 26 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Combining PA 6 or PA 12 with various additives can increase material properties and enable wider application in the automotive, aerospace, and mechanical engineering industries. Popular additives include aluminum powder [ 39 ]; glass [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], and carbon fibers [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], as well as self-extinguishing particles (flame retardant) [ 50 , 51 ]; antistatic particles (electrostatic discharge) [ 52 ], and black carbon [ 53 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

et al. 2022

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3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is becoming increasingly popular for prototype processing in industrial practice. Laser sintering, which is a laser powder bed fusion technique, is a versatile and common 3D printing technology, which enables compact and high-quality products. Polyamide 12, a popular 3D printing material, provides reliable mechanical and thermal properties. Weaknesses in applying this technology for polyamide 12 include incomplete information regarding the application of various types of additives and different printing orientations with respect to the properties. This study aimed to investigate the influence of various additives (including carbon fiber, glass fiber, flame retardant, and aluminum powder) combined with polyamide 12, using processing of predefined powder refreshing mixture on the properties of a finished product. The thermal, surface, and mechanical properties of samples printed with five different polyamides 12-based powders at three different print orientations were investigated. It was found that the inclusion of additives decreases the tensile strength and increases the surface roughness of printed components—however, the toughness increases. The results can assist designers in selecting an appropriate material that will produce a finished part with the required properties for a given application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

et al. 2022

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“…The obtained results are part of a broader study on the modification of ceramic filler coatings dedicated to polymer-ceramic composites (PCC) and represent a continuation of our earlier work [40,41]. These fillers have potential applications as an input to PCCs and could be used in 3D printing for dentistry [41,42]. These types of materials may also have significant importance in the case of biomechanical mismatch in metallic alloys that are used for implants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Alkali-Treated Alumina and Zirconia Powders Decorated with Hydroxyapatite for Prospective Biomedical Applications

et al. 2022

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The alumina and zirconia surfaces were pretreated with chemical etching using alkaline mixtures of ammonia, hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide, and followed with application of the powder layer of Ca-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDH). The influence of etching bath conditions time and concentration on surface development, chemical composition and morphology of medicinal ceramic powders were studied. The following analyses were performed: morphology (scanning electron microscopy), phase composition (X-ray diffraction analysis), changes in binding interactions and chemical composition (FT-Infrared and Energy dispersive spectroscopies). Both types of etchants did not expose the original phase composition changes or newly created phases for both types of ceramics. Subsequent decoration of the surface with hydroxyapatite revealed differences in the morphological appearance of the layer on both ceramic surfaces. The treated zirconia surface accepted CDH as a flowing layer on the surface, while the alumina was decorated with individual CDH aggregates. The goal of this study was to focus further on the ceramic fillers for polymer-ceramic composites used as a biomaterial in dental prosthetics.

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“…However, because of its limited osteogenic properties, various studies are related to the increase of the biological activity of PEEK implants [ 34 ]. Nakonieczny et al revealed that zirconia can be used with polymer to prepare composites for biomedical applications such as FDM filament for 3D printing [ 35 ]. Mishra et al found that zirconia particles in PEEK matrix could significantly improve the storage modulus of the nanocomposites [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attachment and Osteogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Non-Thermal Plasma and UV Light Treated Titanium, Zirconia and Modified PEEK Surfaces

et al. 2022

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Ultraviolet (UV) light and non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment are chairside methods that can efficiently improve the biological aging of implant material surfaces caused by customary storage. However, the behaviors of stem cells on these treated surfaces of the implant are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium, zirconia and modified polyetheretherketone (PEEK, BioHPP) on the attachment and osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro. Machined disks were treated using UV light and argon or oxygen NTP for 12 min each. Untreated disks were set as controls. DPSCs were cultured from the wisdom teeth of adults that gave informed consent. After 24 h of incubation, the attachment and viability of cells on surfaces were assessed. Cells were further osteogenically induced, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was detected via a p-Nitrophenyl phosphate assay (day 14 and 21) and mineralization degree was measured using a Calcium Assay kit (day 21). UV light and NTP treated titanium, zirconia and BioHPP surfaces improved the early attachment and viability of DPSCs. ALP activity and mineralization degree of osteoinductive DPSCs were significantly increased on UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium, zirconia and also oxygen plasma treated Bio-HPP (p < 0.05). In conclusion, UV light and NTP treatments may improve the attachment of DPSCs on titanium, zirconia and BioHPP surfaces. Osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs can be enhanced on UV light and NTP treated surfaces of titanium and zirconia, as well as on oxygen plasma treated Bio-HPP.

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Alumina and Zirconia-Reinforced Polyamide PA-12 Composites for Biomedical Additive Manufacturing

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

Effect of Additives and Print Orientation on the Properties of Laser Sintering-Printed Polyamide 12 Components

Alkali-Treated Alumina and Zirconia Powders Decorated with Hydroxyapatite for Prospective Biomedical Applications

Attachment and Osteogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells on Non-Thermal Plasma and UV Light Treated Titanium, Zirconia and Modified PEEK Surfaces

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