Alternative solvent to aqua regia to activate Au/AC catalysts for the hydrochlorination of acetylene

An Alternative Carbon Carrier in Green Preparation of Efficient Gold/Carbon Catalyst for Acetylene Hydrochlorination

“…XPS results shown in Figure b were in agreement with the above‐mentioned XRD results. According to the literature, the Au 4f 7/2 peaks appearing at the binding energies of 84.0 eV, 85.0 eV, and 87.0 eV (±0.2 eV) can be attributed to Au 0 , Au + , and Au 3+ , respectively …”

“…Figure a shows the X‐ray diffraction patterns of fresh and used Au/ACF−H 2 O and Au/ROX0.8(AQ)−H 2 O catalysts. The data showed that the diffraction peaks at 77.48°, 64.48°, 44.26°, and 38.13° could be attributed to the (3 1 1), (2 2 0), (2 0 0), and (1 1 1) planes of Au 0 , respectively . The fresh and used Au/ROX0.8(AQ)−H 2 O catalyst clearly showed a typical characteristic peak of Au 0 , while the Au/ACF−H 2 O samples only showed the carbon diffraction peak.…”

“…The data showed that the diffraction peaks at 77.48°, 64.48°, 44.26°, and 38.13°could be attributed to the (3 1 1), (2 2 0), (2 0 0), and (1 1 1) planes of Au 0 , respectively. [3,4,22] The fresh and used Au/ ROX0.8(AQ)À H 2 O catalyst clearly showed a typical characteristic peak of Au 0 , while the Au/ACFÀ H 2 O samples only showed the carbon diffraction peak. The XRD results revealed that the active sites of cationic gold (AuCl x ) species were highly dispersed on the ACF surface and that the unique surface chemistry properties of the ACF affected the anchoring of Au species, thereby leading to the inhibition of sintering.…”

“…According to the literature, the Au 4f 7/2 peaks appearing at the binding energies of 84.0 eV, 85.0 eV, and 87.0 eV (� 0.2 eV) can be attributed to Au 0 , Au + , and Au 3 + , respectively. [3,12,38] The relative contents and binding energies of Au species obtained from XPS are listed in Table 2. For the fresh Au/ ROX0.8(AQ)À H 2 O samples, the relative contents of Au 3 + , Au + , and Au 0 were 39.0 %, 13.2 %, and 47.8 %, respectively.…”

“…The energy structure of China's rich coal and lean oil dictates that the production of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) by acetylene hydrochlorination is the best route for large-scale production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). [1] Considerable research efforts have been devoted to developing mercury-free catalysts, such as AC-supported AuCl 3 , [2][3][4] PdCl 2 , [5][6][7] RuCl 3 , [8,9] and CuCl 2 [10,11] to replace conventional Hg-based catalysts in the hydrochlorination of acetylene because of the mercuric chloride lost from the catalyst can disperse into the environment, which will seriously endanger human health. Hutchings and coworkers showed that Au catalysts are the most promising mercury-free catalysts.…”