Alternative operating modes to reduce the load shedding in the power system of El Hierro Island

Sarasúa, José Ignacio; Martínez‐Lucas, Guillermo; Pérez‐Díaz, Juan I.; Fernández-Muñoz, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106755

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The proposed de-loading method will reduce the ΔF by 0.321 HZ compared to MPPT operation solution if the power system reserve power is not sufficient for power balancing [8,143,144]. The authors in [144] introduce a criterion for UFLS for power systems which are penetrated with high RESs and integrated with ESSs. While the effect of UFLS on New England 39 bus frequency is illustrated in [145].…”

Section: Demand Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, in [146] the authors discuss UFLS for a two-area power system which has 500 MW of wind energy while considering the effect of inertial control of WT. In [144] the authors discuss the effect of UFLS on the frequency response of El Hierro power system while losing the largest generating unit and also discuss the contribution of VSWT in regulating the frequency as an alternative for UFLS. In addition to this, a criterion of UFLS is performed in [147] which depends on load flow and the convergence in errors, voltage violation and frequency violation.…”

Section: Demand Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Computational Methods to Mitigate the Effect of High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources on Power System Frequency Regulation: A Comprehensive Review

El-Bahay

Lotfy

El‐Hameed

2022

Arch Computat Methods Eng

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Depletion of fossil fuel, global warming, and their environmental pollution clarify the importance of renewable energy sources (RESs). However, high penetration of RESs decreases power systems inertia, hence, the system becomes more sensitive to disturbances. This results in problems with frequency control because it increases the rate of change of frequency and may lead to load shedding or tripping of generating units. This paper aims at introducing a comprehensive survey of the effects of the increase in RESs on power system inertia and frequency. Different models of wind-driven and photovoltaic systems used for frequency control studies have been introduced. The up-to-date effective frequency regulation methods which can be used with highly RESs penetrated power systems have been revised and compared. These methods include virtual inertia-based methods depending on energy storage devices, de-loading of renewable energy sources, various inertial response techniques and demand response at load section including under frequency load shedding and electric vehicles. Extensive comparisons among these methods have been carried to guide power system designers, operators, researchers and grid codes taskforces in proper incorporation of RESs for frequency regulation of power systems.

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Section: Demand Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demand Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Methods to Mitigate the Effect of High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources on Power System Frequency Regulation: A Comprehensive Review

El-Bahay

Lotfy

El‐Hameed

2022

Arch Computat Methods Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A load shedding scheme is implemented in the model as, in an isolated power system with a high penetration of RES, frequency deviations may overpass thresholds associated with damage in both generation and demand equipment. This load-shedding scheme is based on the conventional Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) scheme [57]. The RoCoF is also added as a complementary input.…”

Section: Dynamic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the benefits of this hybrid controller, two different contingencies are defined for each scenario, covering both the ordinary and extraordinary operation of the power system, respectively: (i) the fluctuation in the wind speed [68], and (ii) the sudden loss of the generating unit injecting the highest value of active power to the system, 'largest unit' [57]. Since the model includes the dynamic response of the VSWTs under wind speed fluctuations, the main input variable to the system is the wind speed (

s_{\omega }

), and thus, a suitable simulation of wind evolution is crucial, particularly in the short‐term.…”

Section: Case Study: Generation MIX Scenariosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid frequency control strategies based on hydro‐power, wind, and energy storage systems: Application to 100% renewable scenarios

Sarasúa

Martínez‐Lucas

García‐Pereira

et al. 2022

IET Renewable Power Gen

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Over the last two decades, variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) have gradually replaced conventional generation. However, the variable and stochastic nature of wind speed may lead to large frequency deviations, especially in isolated power systems with high wind energy integration, where this integration causes a lack of inertia. This paper proposes a hybrid hydro-wind-flywheel frequency control strategy for isolated power systems with 100% renewable energy generation, considering both variable wind and a generator tripping. VSWTs and flywheels include a conventional inertial frequency control. The frequency control strategy involves VSWTs rotational speed and State of Charge (SOC) of flywheels variations that may affect the wear and tear of mechanical elements and reduce the efficiency of the frequency control action. The hydro-power controller also tracks the VSWTs' rotational speed deviation and the flywheel SOC to modify the generated power accordingly. This hybrid frequency strategy significantly reduces frequency excursions, the rotational speed deviations of VSWTs and the SOC of flywheels. To reduce the hydropower plants' wear, an additional control strategy is proposed by the authors and evaluated. Results from a case study based on an isolated power system located in El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) are included, and extensively discussed in the paper.

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“…To minimize these excessive deviations, several techniques and control strategies involving variable speed wind turbines (VSWTs) have also been investigated in isolated power networks [18]. Similar control strategies were also proposed in [19] for inertial contribution to frequency regulation and the use of Pelton turbines as synchronous condensers. Both strategies do not involve a significant loss in the efficiency or in the availability of wind energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing the Photovoltaic Hosting Capacity in Autonomous Grids and Microgrids via Enhanced Priority-List Schemes and Storage

Nikolaidis

Poullikkas

2021

Green Energy Sustain

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European Union has seen a rapid increase in renewable energy sources during the last decade. The variability and uncertainty caused by the increased penetrations of renewable generation must be properly considered in day-ahead unit commitment to retain the stable operation of conventional power plants. In this work, we present an enhanced method to determine the hosting capacity of photovoltaic energy in an autonomous grid. Based on optimal unit commitment schedules derived from priority list-schemes, we examine the potential of increasing the hosting capacity performing annual simulations for different scenarios in the presence of electricity storage. According to the obtained results, the application of storage eliminates the reliability expenses of load shedding and spinning reserve deficits. Hence, the actual hosting capacity is appropriately retrieved based on the renewable generation curtailment during each case study. However, sustainable solutions are achieved at higher penetration levels, reaching a near of 20% with respect to photovoltaic systems. The proposed solution could be efficiently utilized to determine the photovoltaic hosting capacity of microgrids in islanded or interconnected mode.

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Alternative operating modes to reduce the load shedding in the power system of El Hierro Island

Cited by 14 publications

References 48 publications

Computational Methods to Mitigate the Effect of High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources on Power System Frequency Regulation: A Comprehensive Review

Computational Methods to Mitigate the Effect of High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources on Power System Frequency Regulation: A Comprehensive Review

Hybrid frequency control strategies based on hydro‐power, wind, and energy storage systems: Application to 100% renewable scenarios

Increasing the Photovoltaic Hosting Capacity in Autonomous Grids and Microgrids via Enhanced Priority-List Schemes and Storage

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