Alternating copolymers of vinyl chloride and isobutylene with alkyl acrylates: Synthesis with an ethylaluminium dichloride catalyst and ¹³C NMR characterization

Abstract

Copolymerizations of alkyl acrylates (alkyl: ethyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, and 2-ethylhexyl) with vinyl chloride and isobutylene in the presence of catalytic amounts of C,H,AICl, were studied. Depending on the monomer feed, equimolar or acrylate-rich copolymers were obtained in most of these reactions. Only tert-butyl acrylate does not produce any copolymer, due to its decomposition under the action of C,H,AIC12. 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate forms with isobutylene only acrylate-rich copolymers. By I3C NMR spectroscopy it could be shown that equimolar copolymers have an alternation structure. t MtX.

Poly(ethylene oxide)/clay nanocomposites for solid polymer electrolyte applications

“…Among a variety of polymers that solvate lithium salts, the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)‐based systems are the most comprehensively investigated due to the beneficial structure for supporting fast ion transport 3–9. The main reason for the use of PEO is its ability to show a higher conductivity than any commercially available polymer 10…”

Synthesis, Structure, and Ionic Conductivity of Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Poly(methacrylate) Comb Polymers

“…However, most cross-linking strategies also reduce chain mobility, and since ionic mobility in polyether electrolytes is tied to the flexibility of the polymer chain, the corresponding conductivity also declines. The most successful solutions to this problem have been multiphase materials such as gels, block copolymers, , and nanoparticulate composites − that simplify the electrolyte design process by decoupling the structural elements that correlate to high conductivity from those that lead to good mechanical properties. A common feature in these systems is a continuous reinforcing phase that provides dimensional stability to a low molecular weight liquid electrolyte.…”

“…However, most cross-linking strategies also reduce chain mobility, and since ionic mobility in polyether electrolytes is tied to the flexibility of the polymer chain, the corresponding conductivity also declines. The most successful solutions to this problem have been multiphase materials such as gels, 14 block copolymers, 15,16 and nanoparticulate composites [17][18][19][20] that simplify the electrolyte design process by decoupling the structural elements that correlate to high conductivity from those that lead to good mechanical properties. A common feature in these systems is a continuous reinforcing phase that provides dimensional stability to a low molecular weight liquid electrolyte.…”

Salt-In-Polymer Electrolytes Based on Polysiloxanes for Lithium-Ion Cells: Ionic Transport and Electrochemical Stability

“…The total conductivity of our polysiloxane based electrolytes was shown in Fig. 3 for the relevant temperature range, as measured by standard impedance spectroscopy (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). In conventional liquid electrolytes, the lithium transference numbers reach values near or slightly lower than 0.5.…”

“…Afterwards in 1979 ARMAND et al proposed that polymer electrolytes based on PEO with incorporated lithium salts could be used for LIB (4). These SPEs have been extensively investigated during the last thirty years (5)(6)(7). In the literature there are several polymers which are derived from PEO, i.e.…”