Altered intestinal permeability in diabetes mellitus type 1

Secondulfo, Mario; deMagistris, L.; Sapone, Anna; Iafusco, Dario; Prisco, F; Piscitelli, Antonio; Generoso, Magdala; Cartenı̀, Maria; Rosa, Roberto De

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(00)80089-x

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Endoscopic biopsy of eight insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients without concomitant celiac disease was devoid of any sign of atrophy or inflammation under light microscope, whereas observation under transmission electron microscope showed remarkable ultra-structural changes in height and thickness of microvilli, space between microvilli and thickness of tight junctions in six out of the eight patients [22].…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 86%

Morphology of the Intestinal Barrier in Different Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Khan¹,

Islam²

2012

Histopathology - Reviews and Recent Advances

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Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 86%

Morphology of the Intestinal Barrier in Different Physiological and Pathological Conditions

Khan¹,

Islam²

2012

Histopathology - Reviews and Recent Advances

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“…Gastrointestinal symptoms in T1D have been generally ascribed to altered intestinal motility (65) secondary to autonomic neuropathy (54). However, more recent studies have shown that altered intestinal permeability occurs in T1D prior to the onset of complications (40,30), which is not the case in type 2 diabetes (145). This has led to the suggestion that an increased intestinal permeability due to alteration in intestinal TJ is responsible for the onset of T1D (40,37,118).…”

Section: Zonulin and Intestinal Barrier Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonulin and Its Regulation of Intestinal Barrier Function: The Biological Door to Inflammation, Autoimmunity, and Cancer

Fasano

2011

Physiological Reviews

762

633

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The primary functions of the gastrointestinal tract have traditionally been perceived to be limited to the digestion and absorption of nutrients and to electrolytes and water homeostasis. A more attentive analysis of the anatomic and functional arrangement of the gastrointestinal tract, however, suggests that another extremely important function of this organ is its ability to regulate the trafficking of macromolecules between the environment and the host through a barrier mechanism. Together with the gut-associated lymphoid tissue and the neuroendocrine network, the intestinal epithelial barrier, with its intercellular tight junctions, controls the equilibrium between tolerance and immunity to non-self antigens. Zonulin is the only physiological modulator of intercellular tight junctions described so far that is involved in trafficking of macromolecules and, therefore, in tolerance/immune response balance. When the finely tuned zonulin pathway is deregulated in genetically susceptible individuals, both intestinal and extraintestinal autoimmune, inflammatory, and neoplastic disorders can occur. This new paradigm subverts traditional theories underlying the development of these diseases and suggests that these processes can be arrested if the interplay between genes and environmental triggers is prevented by reestablishing the zonulin-dependent intestinal barrier function. This review is timely given the increased interest in the role of a “leaky gut” in the pathogenesis of several pathological conditions targeting both the intestine and extraintestinal organs.

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“…45 46 This is not simply related to hyperglycaemia or poor glycaemic control as patients with type 2 diabetes have normal permeability. 47 Of great interest is a recent publication 48 that examined 339 type 1 diabetic patients and 89 of their first degree relatives. In this work it was demonstrated that diabetic patients had significantly higher serum zonulin levels than either controls or their relatives.…”

Section: Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%