Altered Evasive Behavior and Responses to Light in Amphipods Harboring Acanthocephalan Cystacanths

Bethel, William M.; Holmes, John C.

doi:10.2307/3278623

Cited by 174 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Early studies of the impact of parasites on the phenotype of their host typically focused on a single trait at a time, such as modified reaction to light (Bethel and Holmes, 1973), reduced fecundity (Skorping, 1985), respiration (Rumpus and Kennedy, 1974) or altered pigmentation (Oetinger and Nickol, 1981). Most often, however, a single parasite species alters more than one phenotypic trait in its host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensionality in parasite-induced phenotypic alterations: ultimateversusproximate aspects

Cézilly

Favrat

Perrot‐Minnot

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SummaryIn most cases, parasites alter more than one dimension in their host phenotype. Although multidimensionality in parasite-induced phenotypic alterations (PIPAs) seems to be the rule, it has started to be addressed only recently. Here, we critically review some of the problems associated with the definition, quantification and interpretation of multidimensionality in PIPAs. In particular, we confront ultimate and proximate accounts, and evaluate their own limitations. We end up by introducing several suggestions for the development of future research, including some practical guidelines for the quantitative analysis of multidimensionality in PIPAs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensionality in parasite-induced phenotypic alterations: ultimateversusproximate aspects

Cézilly

Favrat

Perrot‐Minnot

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Furthermore, a better understanding of the pathways from genes to phenotypes will increase our knowledge of the mechanistic basis of animal behaviour. Amphipods clearly represent one of the best animal groups for the study of parasiteinduced behavioural manipulation (Bethel and Holmes, 1973;Helluy, 1983aHelluy, , b, 2013Helluy and Holmes, 1990;Cezilly et al 2000;Helluy and Thomas, 2003;Damsgaard et al 2005;Kostadinova and Mavrodieva, 2005;Ponton et al 2005Ponton et al , 2006Leung and Poulin, 2006;Tain et al 2007). However, in comparison with well-established model arthropod species, investigations using amphipods have been hampered by a lack of genomic resources and an inability to apply transgenic technologies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain parasite species are known to induce changes to host behaviour as a means of increased trophic transmission, a process that represents one of the seminal examples of parasite-induced behavioural manipulation (Pearson, 1972;Bethel and Holmes, 1973;Camp and Huizinga, 1979;Helluy, 1983a, b;Combes, 1991;Combes et al 1994;Haas, 1994;Esch et al 2002;Mouritsen and Poulin, 2002). Among intertidal animals, trematodes are one of the most common metazoan parasites (Mouritsen and Poulin, 2002) and consist of an estimated 25 000 species, many of which are yet to be described (Esch et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of a newly identified behaviour-altering trematode on its host amphipod: from the level of gene expression to population

et al. 2015

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S U M M A R YChanges to host behaviour induced by some trematode species, as a means of increased trophic transmission, represents one of the seminal examples of host manipulation by a parasite. The amphipod Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815) is infected with a previously undescribed parasite, with infected individuals displaying positive phototaxic and negative geotaxic behaviour. This study reveals that the unknown parasite encysts in the brain, nerve cord and the body cavity of E. marinus, and belongs to the Microphallidae family. An 18 month population study revealed that host abundance significantly and negatively correlated with parasite prevalence. Investigation of the trematode's influence at the transcriptomic level revealed genes with putative neurological functions, such as serotonin receptor 1A, an inebriated-like neurotransmitter, tryptophan hydroxylase and amino acid decarboxylase, present consistent altered expression in infected animals. Therefore, this study provides one of the first transcriptomic insights into the neuronal gene pathways altered in amphipods infected with a trematode parasite associated with changes to its host's behaviour and population structure.

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“…Indeed, the ability of trophically transmitted parasites to manipulate intermediate host phenotype is widely documented (reviewed by Moore 2002), and in many cases, it has been shown to predispose hosts to predation (e.g. Bethel & Holmes 1973, 1977Moore 1983;Poulin et al 1992;Lafferty & Morris 1996;Pulkkinen et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host manipulation by parasites in the world of dead-end predators: adaptation to enhance transmission?

2008

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Trophically transmitted parasites often alter their intermediate host's phenotype, thereby predisposing the hosts to increased predation. This is generally considered a parasite strategy evolved to enhance transmission to the next hosts. However, the adaptive value of host manipulation is not clear as it may be associated with costs, such as increased susceptibility to predators that are unsuitable next hosts for the parasites. We examined the ratio between the benefits and costs of host manipulation for transmission success of Acanthocephalus lucii (Acanthocephala), a parasite that alters the hiding behaviour and pigmentation of its isopod hosts. We experimentally compared the susceptibility of infected and uninfected isopods to predation by perch (Perca fluvialis; definitive host of the parasite) and dragonfly larvae (dead end). We found that the parasite predisposed the isopods to predation by both predators. However, the increased predation vulnerability of the infected isopods was higher towards perch. This suggests that, despite the costs due to non-host predation, host manipulation may still be advantageous for the parasite.

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Altered Evasive Behavior and Responses to Light in Amphipods Harboring Acanthocephalan Cystacanths

Cited by 174 publications

References 11 publications

Multidimensionality in parasite-induced phenotypic alterations: ultimateversusproximate aspects

Multidimensionality in parasite-induced phenotypic alterations: ultimateversusproximate aspects

Impacts of a newly identified behaviour-altering trematode on its host amphipod: from the level of gene expression to population

Host manipulation by parasites in the world of dead-end predators: adaptation to enhance transmission?

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