Alterations in Rat Flash and Pattern Reversal Evoked Potentials after Acute or Repeated Administration of Carbon Disulfide (CS<sub>2</sub>)

Herr, David W.; Boyes, William K.; Dyer, Robert S.

doi:10.1093/toxsci/18.3.328

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Latencies of all peaks were measured in milliseconds from the stimulus onset to the point in time corresponding to 1st h (mean value) 3rd h (mean value) 2nd h (mean value) 4th 5th h (mean value) -a b the greatest excursion; the amplitude measurements (ÌV) were from peak to peak. Preliminary studies in our laboratories on recording cortical (active) versus body (reference) electrodes and data in the literature [27] confirmed that the potentials originate in the cortical tissue, and are relatively indifferent to retinal potentials.…”

Section: F-veps Investigationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Tebano

Luzi²,

Palazzesi³

et al. 1999

Neuropsychobiology

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The effects of single intraperitoneal injection of two cholinesterase inhibitors, physostigmine (PHY; 0.01, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mg/kg) and heptylphysostigmine (HEP; 0.5, 2, 6 mg/kg) on electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and flash visual evoked potentials (f-VEP) in the occipital cortex were compared in DBA/2 mice. EEG spectral analysis of awake periods showed that PHY at all doses and HEP at 2 mg/kg induced an increase of power in the 4.25- to 7-Hz frequency band. Furthermore, PHY at the higher doses and HEP at all doses induced a decrease of power in the 7.25- to 12-Hz frequency band, while the lower doses of PHY (0.01, 0.025 mg/kg) produced an increase of this band. EEG effects elicited by the two drugs were similar, when doses displaying analogous biochemical effects (acetylcholinesterase inhibition) were used (i.e. 0.01 and 0.025 mg/kg of PHY versus 0.5 and 2 mg/kg of HEP). PHY and HEP induced similar changes in f-VEPs. Amplitudes of early and late components (P1N1, N1P2, P4N4 and particularly N1P3) were enhanced, while amplitudes of middle components were depressed after all doses. The peak latency measures were generally delayed, even though, after the lower doses, a trend to a latency reduction was evident in late components. This finding might indicate a possible effect on stimulus speed diffusion by ‘low therapeutic’ doses, analogous to the ones used in men. Our data show that both drugs are effective in modifying EEG and f-VEP parameters connected with brain cholinergic function, although in a very narrow dose range.

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Section: F-veps Investigationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Tebano

Luzi²,

Palazzesi³

et al. 1999

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Adult male offspring were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital (50 mg/kg, ip), placed in a stereotaxic device, and the skull was exposed. Indwelling screw electrodes were implanted over primary visual cortex (1 mm anterior and 4 mm left of lambda) and a ground reference over the frontal cortex (2 mm anterior and 2 mm lateral left and right of bregma) according to procedures described previously (Herr et al, 1992, Boyes et al, 2003. The electrodes were constructed from stainless steel screws (00-90 × 1/16") soldered to Nichrome wires.…”

Section: Visual Evoked Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate perinatal thyroid hormone insufficiency alters visual system function in adult rats

et al. 2018

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Thyroid hormone (TH) is critical for many aspects of neurodevelopment and can be disrupted by a variety of environmental contaminants. Sensory systems, including audition and vision are vulnerable to TH insufficiencies, but little data are available on visual system development at less than severe levels of TH deprivation. The goal of the current experiments was to explore dose-response relations between graded levels of TH insufficiency during development and the visual function of adult offspring. Pregnant Long Evans rats received 0 or 3 ppm (Experiment 1), or 0, 1, 2, or 3 ppm (Experiment 2) of propylthiouracil (PTU), an inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis, in drinking water from gestation day (GD) 6 to postnatal day (PN) 21. Treatment with PTU caused dose-related reductions of serum T4, with recovery on termination of exposure, and euthyroidism by the time of visual function testing. Tests of retinal (electroretinograms; ERGs) and visual cortex (visual evoked potentials; VEPs) function were assessed in adult offspring. Dark-adapted ERG a-waves, reflecting rod photoreceptors, were increased in amplitude by PTU. Light-adapted green flicker ERGs, reflecting M-cone photoreceptors, were reduced by PTU exposure. UV-flicker ERGs, reflecting S-cones, were not altered. Pattern-elicited VEPs were significantly reduced by 2 and 3 ppm PTU across a range of stimulus contrast values. The slope of VEP amplitude-log contrast functions was reduced by PTU, suggesting impaired visual contrast gain. Visual contrast gain primarily reflects function of visual cortex, and is responsible for adjusting sensitivity of perceptual mechanisms in response to changing visual scenes. The results indicate that moderate levels of pre-and post-natal TH insufficiency led to alterations in visual function of adult rats, including both retinal and visual cortex sites of dysfunction.

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“…Linnoila et al 1974;Vasilescu 1976;Bulgheroni et al 1978;Vasilescu and Florescu 1980;Beauchamp Jr et al 1981;Clerici and Fechter 1991;Herr et al 1992). Histological and electrophysiological findings indicate the occurrence of primary axonal neuropathy (Linnoila et al 1974;Vasilescu 1976;Dyck and Thomas 1986;Dalvi 1988;Grasso 1988;Clerici and Fechter 1991) following exposure to CS 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological investigation of central, peripheral and autonomic nerve function in workers with long-term low-level exposure to carbon disulphide in the viscose industry

Reinhardt

Drexler

Bickel

et al. 1997

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Alterations in Rat Flash and Pattern Reversal Evoked Potentials after Acute or Repeated Administration of Carbon Disulfide (CS₂)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Moderate perinatal thyroid hormone insufficiency alters visual system function in adult rats

Electrophysiological investigation of central, peripheral and autonomic nerve function in workers with long-term low-level exposure to carbon disulphide in the viscose industry

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Alterations in Rat Flash and Pattern Reversal Evoked Potentials after Acute or Repeated Administration of Carbon Disulfide (CS2)

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Effects of Cholinergic Drugs on Neocortical EEG and Flash-Visual Evoked Potentials in the Mouse

Moderate perinatal thyroid hormone insufficiency alters visual system function in adult rats

Electrophysiological investigation of central, peripheral and autonomic nerve function in workers with long-term low-level exposure to carbon disulphide in the viscose industry

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Alterations in Rat Flash and Pattern Reversal Evoked Potentials after Acute or Repeated Administration of Carbon Disulfide (CS₂)