Alterations in Hoffa’s fat pad induced by an inflammatory response following idealized anterior cruciate ligament surgery

Solbak, Nathan M.; Heard, Bryan J.; Achari, Yamini; Chung, May; Shrive, Nigel G.; Frank, Cyril B.; Hart, David A.

doi:10.1007/s00011-015-0840-y

Cited by 17 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A significant correlation between ACL tear and alteration in IFP appearance, most commonly focal edema, has been reported based on MRI observations 1 . Histological analysis in sheep following ACL reconstruction revealed increased cellularity, vascularity and innervation present in the IFP at 2 and 20 weeks post-surgery 25 The MRI sequence and cadaveric video demonstrate the deformation of the IFP and narrowing of the anterior interval during flexion from 37º to 8º. In extension it is clear that the IFP is compressed by the anterior femur and tibia, the anterior horns of the menisci, and the intermeniscal ligament.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The infrapatellar fat pad is a dynamic and mobile structure, which deforms during knee motion, and has proximal extensions which wrap around the patella

Stephen

Sopher

Tullie

et al. 2018

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

The infrapatellar fat pad is a dynamic and mobile structure, which deforms during knee motion, and has proximal extensions which wrap around the patella

Stephen

Sopher

Tullie

et al. 2018

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The fibrosis of the IPFP may cause of AKP, causing higher pressure in the knee joint, and, in turn, decreasing functioning. Moreover, previous animal model studies have demonstrated both histopathological and immunohistochemical changes, including fibrosis, vascularity, and proliferation of small vessels accompanying free nerve endings in the IPFP, after ACLR, trauma, or a patellar tendinopathy model [25][26][27] . Increased free nerve endings may reduce the threshold of pain sensation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexibility of infrapatellar fat pad affecting anterior knee pain 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft

Kitagawa

Nakase

Takata

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to identify factors affecting anterior knee pain (AKP) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with hamstring tendon autograft using ultrasonography. Forty-two patients were evaluated by ultrasound, 6 months after ACLR. The thickness of the superficial part of the infrapatellar fat pad was measured, as well as the thickness change ratio between the two angles. Color Doppler evaluated the rate of blood flow in the fat pad. AKP was assessed with the Kujala Scale. The correlations between AKP and age, body mass index, the thickness change ratio, and the grade of increased blood flow were examined. Independent variables showing significant correlations with AKP were used for multiple linear regression analysis. There were significant correlations between AKP and age (r = − 0.68), body mass index (r = − 0.37), the thickness change ratio of the fat pad (r = 0.73) and the grade of increased blood flow (r = − 0.42), respectively. Age and the thickness change ratio of the fat pad affected the AKP score (R2 = 0.56). After ACLR, older age and a decrease in the thickness change ratio of the superficial area of the infrapatellar fat pad appear to affect post-operative AKP after 6 months.

show abstract

“…Some recently published studies also emphasize the altered biologic responses in the fat pad after ACL reconstruction that can also be associated with poor outcome. In the study of Solbak et al, inflammational and fibrotic changes are found in the fat pad after ACL reconstruction on a sheep model [ 39 ]. Wang et al also found fibrotic changes which are correlated with magnetic resonance imaging after ACL transaction on a rat model [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central defect type partial ACL injury model on goat knees: the effect of infrapatellar fat pad excision

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe mid-substance central defect injury has been used to investigate the primary healing capacity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in a goat model. The sagittal plane stability on this model has not been confirmed, and possible effects of fat pad excision on healing have not been evaluated. We hypothesize that excising the fat pad tissue results in poorer ligament healing as assessed histologically and decreased tensile strength of the healing ligament. We further hypothesize that the creation of a central defect does not affect sagittal plane knee stability.MethodsA mid-substance central defect was created with a 4-mm arthroscopic punch in the ACLs of right knees of all the subjects through a medial mini-arthrotomy. Goats were assigned to groups based on whether the fat pad was preserved (group 1, n = 5) or excised completely (group 2, n = 5). The left knees served as controls in each goat. Histopathology of the defect area along with measurement of type I collagen in one goat from each group were performed at 10th week postoperatively. The remaining knees were evaluated biomechanically at the 12th week, by measuring anterior tibial translation (ATT) of the knee joints at 90° of flexion and testing tensile properties (ultimate tensile load (UTL), ultimate elongation (UE), stiffness (S), failure mode (FM)) of the femur-ACL-tibia complex.Results and discussionHistopathology analysis revealed that the central defect area was fully filled macroscopically and microscopically. However, myxoid degeneration and fibrosis were observed in group 2 and increased collagen type I content was noted in group 2. There were no significant differences within and between groups in terms of ATT values (p = 0.715 and p = 0.149, respectively). There were no significance between or within groups in terms of ultimate tensile load and ultimate elongation; however, group 2 demonstrated greater stiffness than group 1 that was correlated with the fibrotic changes detected microscopically (p = 0.043).ConclusionsThe central defect type injury model was confirmed to be biomechanically stable in a goat model. Resection of the fat pad was noted to negatively affect defect healing and increase ligament stiffness in the central defect injury model.

show abstract

Alterations in Hoffa’s fat pad induced by an inflammatory response following idealized anterior cruciate ligament surgery

Abstract: Sustained long-term pathological changes stemming from inflammation are present in IPFP tissue after ACL-R surgery and may compromise the long-term integrity of the knee joint.

Cited by 17 publications

References 47 publications

The infrapatellar fat pad is a dynamic and mobile structure, which deforms during knee motion, and has proximal extensions which wrap around the patella

The infrapatellar fat pad is a dynamic and mobile structure, which deforms during knee motion, and has proximal extensions which wrap around the patella

Flexibility of infrapatellar fat pad affecting anterior knee pain 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring autograft

Central defect type partial ACL injury model on goat knees: the effect of infrapatellar fat pad excision

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About