Alteration of distal tarsal subchondral bone thickness pattern in horses with tarsal pain

Branch, M.; Murray, Rachel C.; Dyson, Sue; Goodship, Allen E.

doi:10.2746/042516407x166756

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…W hile magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used extensively in humans for assessment of osteoarthritis, few have assessed it in equine osteoarthritis 1–5 . Articular imaging scoring systems have been developed to assess the human knee as a whole‐organ on MRI, with generation of global scores that can be compared over time and used as an outcome measure 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Radiography for Assessment of Noncartilaginous Changes in Equine Metacarpophalangeal Osteoarthritis

Olive¹,

d’Anjou

Alexander

et al. 2010

Veterinary Radiology &Amp; Ultrasound

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We compared the ability of 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and computed radiography (CR) to evaluate noncartilaginous structures of the equine metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP), and the association of imaging changes with gross cartilage damage in the context of osteoarthritis. Four CR projections, helical single-slice CT, and MRI (Ti-weighted gradient recalled echo [GRE], T2*-weighted GRE with fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition [FIESTA], T2-weighted fast spin echo with fat saturation, and spoiled gradient recalled echo with fat saturation ISPGR-FS]) were performed on 20 racehorse cadaver forelimbs. Osteophytosis, synovial effusion, subchondral bone lysis and sclerosis, supracondylar lysis, joint fragments, bone marrow lesions, and collateral desmopathy were assessed with each modality. Interexaminer agreement was inferior to intraexaminer agreement and was generally moderate (i.e., 0.4 < kappa < 0.6). Subchondral bone sclerosis scores using CT or MRI were correlated significantly with the reference quantitative CT technique used to assess bone mineral density (P < 0.0001). Scores for subchondral lysis and osteophytosis were higher with MRI or CT vs. CR (P < 0.0001). Although differences between modalities were noted, osteophytosis, subchondral sclerosis, and lysis as well as synovial effusion were all associated with the degree of cartilage damage and should be further evaluated as potential criteria to be included in a whole-organ scoring system. This study highlights the capacity of MRI to evaluate noncartilaginous changes in the osteoarthritic equine MCP joint.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Radiography for Assessment of Noncartilaginous Changes in Equine Metacarpophalangeal Osteoarthritis

Olive¹,

d’Anjou

Alexander

et al. 2010

Veterinary Radiology &Amp; Ultrasound

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“…Radiographs often reveal little about cartilage integrity until joint space narrowing and collapse are present. 23,24 In our study horses, as in horses with naturally occurring joint disease, it was difficult to radiographically detect and predict the clinical progression of osteoarthritis. 25 This unpredictability in the pathological consequences of joint injury may be due, in part, to the variability in involvement of the different tissues in the joint 25 and to the variability in the severity of the injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Evaluation of experimental impact injury for inducing post-traumatic osteoarthritis in the metacarpophalangeal joints of horses

Rickey

Cruz²,

Trout³

et al. 2012

ajvr

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“…Die jeweiligen röntgenologischen Befunde wurden zusammenfassend nach dem Gesamtscore nach Branch (Branch et al 2007) bewertet, der die röntgenologischen Klassifikationskriterien wie folgt definiert:…”

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The Prevalence of degenerative radiographic findings in the small tarsal joints of two-year-old warmblood stallions and the development of these findings over five to sixteen months

Kretschmer¹,

Kuhn²,

Baltus³

et al. 2017

PHK

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The Prevalence of degenerative radiographic findings in the small tarsal joints of two-year-old warmblood stallions and the development of these findings over five to sixteen months For the equine veterinarian, it is often difficult to interpret degenerative radiographic changes in the small tarsal joints of clinically healthy young horses on sales or prepurchase radiographs. The aim of this study was to expand the knowledge in this area by investigating the prevalence and progression of degenerative radiographic findings of the small tarsal joints in a homogenous population of young horses. For this purpose, the first part of the study comprised the radiographic examination of 292 two-year-old, clinically healthy and untrained Warmblood stallions to determine the prevalence of radiographic degenerative changes in the small tarsal joints. The second part of the study assessed the development of such degenerative changes over five to sixteen months. This time period is relevant for the public sale or stallion approval preparation of the horses. Follow-up radiographs of 77 stallions with degenerative changes were taken and evaluated to monitor the development of these changes over time. A standardized evaluation of the radiographs was guaranteed by a detailed evaluation scheme and three experienced and specifically qualified investigators. Our hypotheses were: a. Degenerative radiologic findings in the small tarsal joints have a high prevalence even in young and clinically healthy horses, b. Such radiologic changes can be dynamic over a short period of time. In the first part of the study, 22.6 % of the stallions showed radiologic changes consistent with degenerative joint disease. There were osteophytes in the distal intertarsal and/or tarsometatarsal joint in 15.4 %, areas of reduced radiopacity in the central tarsal or third tarsal bone in 6.5 %, narrowing of the joint space of the distal intertarsal and/or tarsometatarsal joint in 0.3 %, and sclerosis at the distal intertarsal joint in 0.7 % of the horses. Dorsoproximal spurs at the third metatarsal bone were observed in 27.4 % of horses; this was the most common radiologic finding. However, this finding alone did not result in the radiologic diagnosis of degenerative joint disease. In part two of the study, there was a tendency for progression of the findings "spur at third metatarsal bone" and "osteophytes at distal intertarsal and/or tarsometatarsal joint" over time. The finding "areas of reduced radiopacity in the central tarsal or third tarsal bone" appeared to be regressive over time. While the progression of spurs and osteophytes was expected as described in the literature, there was an unexpected regressive dynamic of areas of reduced radiopacity in the small tarsal bones. In the literature, these changes have been interpreted as lytic areas and as a sign of degenerative joint disease. A regression of bone lysis secondary to degenerative joint disease is not described in the literature and seems not plausible. However, it is possible that such areas of...

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Alteration of distal tarsal subchondral bone thickness pattern in horses with tarsal pain

Abstract: Further work is required to elucidate the pathological processes leading to OA of the DTJs.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Radiography for Assessment of Noncartilaginous Changes in Equine Metacarpophalangeal Osteoarthritis

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography, and Radiography for Assessment of Noncartilaginous Changes in Equine Metacarpophalangeal Osteoarthritis

Evaluation of experimental impact injury for inducing post-traumatic osteoarthritis in the metacarpophalangeal joints of horses

The Prevalence of degenerative radiographic findings in the small tarsal joints of two-year-old warmblood stallions and the development of these findings over five to sixteen months

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