Alteration, mass analysis, and magmatic compositions of the Sentinel Bluffs Member, Columbia River flood basalt province: COMMENT

Baker, Leslie L.; Camp, Victor E.; Reidel, Stephen P.; Martin, Barton S.; Ross, Martin E.; Tolan, Terry L.

doi:10.1130/ges02047.1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our petrographic observations revealed naturally occurring secondary alteration mineralogy for the Wallula SWC samples that is consistent with previous reports for GR, and CRBG, alteration assemblages. − Pore-lining phases include the zeolite clinoptilolite (Figure S4), and chlorophaeite , (Figure S5), a cryptic mixture of poorly crystalline Fe-rich phases, nominally nontronite. Overlapping occurrence of nontronite and clinoptilolite in the GR (e.g., Figure S4) at these depths is well documented .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Exotic Carbonate Mineralization Recovered from a Deep Basalt Carbon Storage Demonstration

Polites

Schaef

Horner

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Mitigating climate change requires transformational advances for carbon dioxide removal, including geologic carbon sequestration in reactive subsurface environments. The Wallula Basalt Carbon Storage Pilot Project demonstrated that CO 2 injected into >800 m deep Columbia River Basalt Group flow top reservoirs mineralizes on month-year timescales. Herein, we present new optical petrography, micro-computed X-ray tomography, and electron microscopy results obtained from sidewall cores collected two years after CO 2 injection. As no other anthropogenic carbonates from geologic carbon storage field studies have been recovered, this world-unique sample suite provides unparalleled insight for subsurface carbon mineralization products and paragenesis. Chemically zoned nodules with Ca/ Mn-rich cores and Fe-dominant outer rims are prominent examples of the neoformed carbonate assemblages with ankerite−siderite compositions and exotic divalent cation correlations. Paragenetic insights for the timing of aragonite, silica, and fibrous zeolites are clarified based on mineral texture and spatial relationships, along with time-resolved downhole fluid sampling. Collectively, these results clarify the mineralogy, chemistry, and paragenesis of carbon mineralization, providing insight into the ultimate fate and transport of CO 2 in reactive mafic−ultramafic reservoirs.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Exotic Carbonate Mineralization Recovered from a Deep Basalt Carbon Storage Demonstration

Polites

Schaef

Horner

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…1b). Thermal conductivity and degree of fluidmediated heat transport might in principle vary between sites, as articulated by an ongoing debate about the general role of mete-oric fluids in alteration of CRB rocks (Sawlan, 2017;Baker et al, 2019). However, variations in active magma flow are the simplest and hence most plausible way to account for the high temperature variation seen in D c from our data.…”

Section: Magnetic Geothermometermentioning

confidence: 70%

Timescales of magma transport in the Columbia River flood basalts, determined by paleomagnetic data

Biasi¹,

Karlstrom²

2021

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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“…For 16-million-year-old lava flows, the Columbia River Basalt Group is remarkably fresh with little alteration. Glass in thin sections typically is used as an important discriminator to determine alteration in the flows but the Mafic Index also can be used with the composition to evaluate the presence or absence of alteration (Baker et al 2019). The basalt compositions used in this study are from unaltered, fresh samples.…”

Section: Lithologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Igneous Rock Associations 27. Chalcophile and Platinum Group Elements in the Columbia River Basalt Group: A Model for Flood Basalt Lavas

Reidel

Barnett

2020

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The Columbia River Basalt Group is the youngest and best preserved continental Large Igneous Province on Earth. The 210,000 km3 of basaltic lavas were erupted between 16.6 and 5 Ma in the Pacific Northwest, USA. The peak of the eruptions occurred over a 700,000-year period when nearly 99% of the basalts consisting of the Steens, Imnaha, Picture Gorge, Grande Ronde and Wanapum Basalts were emplaced. In this study we examined the Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) Pt and Pd, and the chalcophile elements Cu and Zn in the Columbia River Basalt Group. The presence of Pt, Pd and Cu in the compositionally primitive Lower Steens, Imnaha and Picture Gorge Basalts suggests that the Columbia River Basalt Group magma was a fertile source for these elements. The PGEs are contained mainly in sulphides in the earliest formations based on their correlation with immiscible sulphides, sulphide minerals and chalcophile elements. Grande Ronde, Wanapum and Saddle Mountains Basalts are depleted in PGEs and chalcophile elements compared to earlier formations. Sulphur was saturated in many flows and much of it probably came from assimilation of cratonic rock from a thinned lithosphere. We propose a model where the presence or absence of PGEs and chalcophile elements results primarily from the interaction between an advancing plume head and the crust/lithosphere that it encountered. The early lavas erupted from a plume that had little interaction with the crust/lithosphere and were fertile. However, as the plume head advanced northward, it assimilated crustal/lithospheric material and PGE and chalcophile elements were depleted from the magma. What little PGE and chalcophile elements remained in the compositionally evolved and depleted Grande Ronde Basalt flows mainly were controlled by substitution in basalt minerals and not available for inclusion in sulphides.

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Alteration, mass analysis, and magmatic compositions of the Sentinel Bluffs Member, Columbia River flood basalt province: COMMENT

Abstract: This paper is published under the terms of the CCBYNC license.

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Exotic Carbonate Mineralization Recovered from a Deep Basalt Carbon Storage Demonstration

Exotic Carbonate Mineralization Recovered from a Deep Basalt Carbon Storage Demonstration

Timescales of magma transport in the Columbia River flood basalts, determined by paleomagnetic data

Igneous Rock Associations 27. Chalcophile and Platinum Group Elements in the Columbia River Basalt Group: A Model for Flood Basalt Lavas

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