Alpha   Mangostin   and   Xanthone   from   Mangosteen   (Garcinia mangostana L.) Role on Insulin Tolerance and PPAR-γ   in Preclinical Model Diabetes Mellitus

Ratwita, Welly; Sukandar, Elin Yulinah; Kurniati, Neng Fisheri; Adnyana, I Ketut

doi:10.6000/1927-5951.2018.08.03.1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Tey believe this was due to the increased expression of gamma P21activated kinase (PPAK-c). In adipocytes, PPAK-c regulates gene expression in insulin signaling and glucose metabolism [31].…”

Section: Protective Efects Of Mangosteenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into the Xanthones Present in Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana) and Their Applications in Diabetes and Related Complications

Safaei,

Sakhaee,

Saberifar

et al. 2023

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading public health problems, affecting about 10% of the population. Chronic complications of diabetes cause several human sufferings, including kidney failure, blindness, amputations, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Xanthones from mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana) and their physiological effects, such as antiobesity, antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemia, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated in experimental studies to have beneficial effects on obesity, diabetes, hyperglycemic, dyslipidemia, and inflammatory states. It is worthwhile to mention that, in this context, the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases have been searched for articles containing the keywords of “Garcinia mangostana,” “Mangosteen,” “α-mangostin,” “diabetes mellitus,” “diabetes complication,” “hypoglycemic,” “antihyperglycemic,” “antidiabetic,” and “without publication time limitation”. This study aims to review the in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical pharmacological effects of mangosteen fruit and its xanthones on diabetes mellitus and its complications as well as their molecular pathways related to them. Taking into account the findings of these studies, we can say that mangosteen fruit and its xanthones hold significant potential for designing human studies for controlling and even modifying diabetes mellitus and its related diseases.

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Section: Protective Efects Of Mangosteenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Insights into the Xanthones Present in Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana) and Their Applications in Diabetes and Related Complications

Safaei,

Sakhaee,

Saberifar

et al. 2023

Journal of Food Biochemistry

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“…Thus, PPAR isoforms were suggested to be a suitable molecular target to treat skin diseases with aberrated cell proliferation such as psoriasis and skin cancers (Kim et al, 2006;Sertznig et al, 2008;Ramot et al, 2015). Xanthone derivatives such as 2 were found to upregulate PPARγ expression in the preadipocytes in rat retroperitoneal tissue of insulin-resistant mice models following treatment with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg of the xanthone (Ratwita et al, 2018).…”

Section: Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors As a Target Of Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Xanthones and Skin Inflammatory Diseases: Multitargeting Mechanisms of Action and Potential Application

et al. 2020

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The pathogenesis of skin inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, acne, psoriasis, and skin cancers generally involve the generation of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Exposure of the skin to external aggressors such as ultraviolet (UV) radiation and xenobiotics induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which subsequently activates immune responses and causes immunological aberrations. Hence, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents were considered to be potential compounds to treat skin inflammatory diseases. A prime example of such compounds is xanthone (xanthene-9-one), a class of natural compounds that possess a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and chemotherapeutic effects. Many studies reported various mechanisms of action by xanthones for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases. These mechanisms of action commonly involve the modulation of various pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), as well as anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10. Other mechanisms of action include the regulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, besides immune cell recruitment via modulation of chemokines, activation, and infiltration. Moreover, disease-specific activity contributed by xanthones, such as antibacterial action against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis for acne treatment, and numerous cytotoxic mechanisms involving pro-apoptotic and anti-metastatic effects for skin cancer treatment have been extensively elucidated. Furthermore, xanthones have been reported to modulate pathways responsible for mediating oxidative stress and inflammation such as PPAR, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor and prostaglandin cascades. These pathways were also implicated in skin inflammatory diseases. Xanthones including the prenylated α-mangostin (2) and γ-mangostin (3), glucosylated mangiferin (4) and the caged xanthone gambogic acid (8) are potential lead compounds to be further developed into pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases. Future studies on the structure-activity relationships, molecular mechanisms, and applications of xanthones for the treatment of skin inflammatory diseases are thus highly recommended.

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“… 2018 ; Ratwita et al. 2018 ). Several studies have also revealed that α-MG has various beneficial effects, including improving IR by increasing the expression of GLUT-4 and PPARγ in cardiac muscle and adipocyte (Ratwita et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have also revealed that α-MG has various beneficial effects, including improving IR by increasing the expression of GLUT-4 and PPARγ in cardiac muscle and adipocyte (Ratwita et al. 2018 , 2019 ), and reduced hepatic steatosis by regulating mitochondria function and apoptosis (Tsai et al. 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-Mangosteen lessens high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose streptozotocin induced-hepatic manifestations in the insulin resistance rat model

Soetikno

Andini

Iskandar

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context α-Mangosteen (α-MG) attenuates insulin resistance (IR). However, it is still unknown whether α-MG could alleviate hepatic manifestations in IR rats. Objective To investigate the effect of α-MG on alleviating hepatic manifestations in IR rats through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) pathway. Materials and methods IR was induced by exposing male Sprague-Dawley rats (180–200 g) to high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose injection of streptozotocin (HF/HG/STZ), then treated with α-MG at a dose of 100 or 200 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks. At the end of the study (11 weeks), serum and liver were harvested for biochemical analysis, and the activity of AMPK, SREBP-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, Bax and liver histopathology were analyzed. Results α-MG at both doses significantly lowered ALT, AST, triglyceride, and cholesterol total by 16.5, 15.7, 38, and 36%, respectively. These beneficial effects of α-MG are associated with the downregulation of the IR-induced inflammation in the liver. Furthermore, α-MG, at both doses, activated AMPK by 24–29 times and reduced SREBP-1c by 44–50% as well as ACC expression by 19–31% similar to metformin. All treatment groups showed liver histopathology improvement regarding fat deposition in the liver. Conclusions Based on the findings demonstrated, α-MG protected against HF/HG/STZ-induced hepatic manifestations of the IR rats, at least in part via the modulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c/ACC pathway and it could be a potential drug candidate to prevent IR-induced hepatic manifestations.

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Alpha Mangostin and Xanthone from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) Role on Insulin Tolerance and PPAR-γ in Preclinical Model Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 4 publications

References 42 publications

Mechanistic Insights into the Xanthones Present in Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana) and Their Applications in Diabetes and Related Complications

Mechanistic Insights into the Xanthones Present in Mangosteen Fruit (Garcinia mangostana) and Their Applications in Diabetes and Related Complications

Natural Xanthones and Skin Inflammatory Diseases: Multitargeting Mechanisms of Action and Potential Application

Alpha-Mangosteen lessens high-fat/high-glucose diet and low-dose streptozotocin induced-hepatic manifestations in the insulin resistance rat model

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