Alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect and enzyme kinetics of coastal medicinal plants

Abstract

Research ArticleAlpha Alpha Alpha---glucosidase inhibitory effect glucosidase inhibitory effect glucosidase inhibitory effect and enzyme kinetics of coastal meand enzyme kinetics of coastal meand enzyme kinetics of coastal medicinal plants dicinal plants dicinal plants BJP IntroductionAbout 2.5-7% of the world's populations diagnosed with leading endocrine disease diabetes mellitus which causes morbidity and mortality (Seghrouchni et al., 2002). By the act of pancreatic -amylase, starch has hydrolyzed and absorbed as glucose in the small intestine by -glucosidases, leads to hyperglycemic condition. Moreover, the use of several approaches, -glucosidase inhibitors is one of the alternative therapeutic approaches. Dietary carbohydrates such as maltose and sucrose absorbed by different types ofglucosidases viz. maltase, sucrase, glucoamylase and isomaltase present in the intestine. Thus, inhibition of these enzymes can definitely decrease the postprandial hyperglycemia and could be a key tactic in the managements of diabetes mellitus (Hirsh et al., 1997).The -glucosidase inhibitors have isolated from natural sources, such as plants, foodstuffs and microbes (Kumar et al., 2011).Coastal medicinal plants also engage in recreation to treat diabetes, particularly where most people have limited resources and do not have access to modern treatment (Ramanathan, 2000). The main interest of studies in to medicinal plants with hypoglycemic effect is to understand the metabolic activities of human intestinal tract. Citrullus colocynthis used for constipation, edema, bacterial infections, cancer and diabetes.The aerial part of C. colocynthis showed antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and local anesthetic effect reported by Gurudeeban et al., (2010). Suaeda monoica, S. maritime and S. nudiflora are traditional medicines for wound healing and hepatitis. The aerial part of this family plant has triterpenoids, sterols which have antiviral activity (Bandaranayake, 2002 AbstractNumerous metabolic disorders and diseases associated with the glucosidase enzyme activity. Therefore, in the present study we evaluated alpha glucosidase inhibitory effect of coastal medicinal plants on Saccharomyces cerevisiae -glucosidase to control postprandial hyperglycemia. The n-hexane extracts of study plants screened for -glucosidase inhibitory activity using yeast glucosidase. The enzyme kinetics studied Line weaver burk plot method. Among the ten plants Citrullus colocynthis, Aegle marmelos and Ipomoea pes-caprae exhibited potent -glucosidase inhibitory activity, 85.9 ± 0.1, 72.2 ± 0.3 and 67.9 ± 0.1 respectively. From the enzyme kinetics assay potent plants contain uncompetitive inhibitors of alpha glucosidase. C. colocynthis, A. marmelos and Ipomoea pes-caprae have potential alphaglucosidase inhibitors that can exploited for its used to treat diabetes. Article Info

Influence of Rhizophora apiculata Blume extracts on α-glucosidase: Enzyme kinetics and molecular docking studies

“…The α-glucosidase inhibition by 80% of an ethanol extract of Garcinia sp., Citrullus colocynthis was reported to be 80-85%, which might be through a mixture of phenolic compounds in leaves (Elya et al, 2012;Gurudeeban et al, 2012). This study also observed most of the α-glucosidase inhibition by ethanolic extract.…”

Volatiles and seasonal variation of the essential oil composition from the leaves of Clinopodium macrostemum var. laevigatum and its biological activities

“…Non-polar extracts (n-hexane extracts) from Citrullus colocynthis, Aegle marmelos and Ipomoea pes-caprae showed similar inhibitory activity than those of the essential oil of C. macrostemum var. laevigatum (Gurudeeban et al, 2012). The effect of essential oils from different seasonal periods on enzyme activity revealed differences in the IC 50 values being those of winter and fall less effective than the others (Table 3).…”

Antioxidant and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of Euchresta horsfieldii

“…The production of ROS increases under diabetic conditions (Noh and Ha 2011;Ha et al 2008). Meanwhile, alphaglucosidase inhibitors helped control postprandial blood glucose levels in diabetic patients (Sancheti et al 2011;Gurudeeban et al 2012). It reduce the digestion and delay the absorption of carbohydrates, which relieved the postprandial increase in blood glucose levels (Cheng and Josse 2004).…”

“…Some reports suggested that decreasing the level of postprandial hyperglycemia is one of most effective therapeutic approaches in the early period of diabetes mellitus (Lee et al 2009;Ghadyale et al 2011;Van de Laar et al 2012). Other studies demonstrated that alpha-glucosidase inhibitors helped to control postprandial blood glucose levels in diabetic patients (Sancheti et al 2011;Gurudeeban et al 2012).…”