Alpha-Actinin-3 (ACTN3) R577X Polymorphism Influences Knee Extensor Peak Power Response to Strength Training in Older Men and Women

Delmonico, Matthew J.; Kostek, Matthew C.; Doldo, Neil A.; Hand, Brian D.; Walsh, Seán; Conway, Joan M.; Carignan, Craig R.; Roth, Stephen M.; Hurley, Ben F.

doi:10.1093/gerona/62.2.206

Cited by 139 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Knee extension 1-RM was shown to significantly improve in another study as well (50). Additionally, peak knee extensor power has been shown to increase significantly following a similar strength training protocol (18). Finally, it has been shown that maximal isometric strength of the hip and knee extensors is correlated with peak power (3) and mean power (83) • Subject selection will be delimited to those individuals who possess no more than two risk factors for cardiovascular disease, as determined by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM).…”

Section: Needs For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 79%

Physiological Determinants of the Candidate Physical Ability Test in Firefighters

Sheaff

Bennett²,

Hanson³

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

143

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The purpose of this study was to examine the relative importance of physiological characteristics during firefighting performance, as assessed by the Candidate Physical Ability Test (CPAT). Participants included professional and volunteer firefighters, ages 18-39 (n=33). Muscle strength, muscle endurance, muscle power, body composition, aerobic capacity, anaerobic fitness, and the cardiovascular response to stairclimbing were assessed to determine the physiological characteristics of the participants. To quantify firefighting performance, the CPAT was administered by members of the fire service.Absolute and relative mean power during Wingate anaerobic cycling test (WAnT), relative peak power during WAnT, and absolute maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) were significantly higher in those who passed the CPAT (n=18), compared to those who failed (n=15) (P < 0.01). Absolute and relative mean power during WAnT, fatigue index during WAnT, absolute VO 2 max, upper body strength, and the heart rate response to stairclimbing were all significantly related to CPAT performance time (all P < 0.01).However, absolute VO 2 max and anaerobic fatigue resistance during WAnT combined were the best predictors of total CPAT performance (Adj. R 2 = 0.817; P < 0.001).

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Section: Needs For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 79%

Physiological Determinants of the Candidate Physical Ability Test in Firefighters

Sheaff

Bennett²,

Hanson³

et al. 2010

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In contrast, others found an association between the ACTN3 R577X variation and muscle phenotypes in old people, yet with controversial results with regards to which allele (R or X) has a favourable or unfavourable effect. Delmonico and co-workers found that the XX genotype was associated with higher knee extensor concentric peak power compared with RR/ RX genotypes, especially in old women (Delmonico et al 2007), whereas in old women from another cohort the XX genotype was associated with lower peak torque in knee extensor muscles (Walsh et al 2008). In women, the XX genotype was associated with a greater risk of incident lower extremity limitation compared to RR.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Genetic Association Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In contrast, XX women had a greater risk of incident persistent lower extremity limitation compared to RR women. The same group examined knee extensor concentric peak power after~10 weeks of unilateral knee extensor RT in older men and women (Delmonico et al 2007). In men, absolutes changes in peak power after training approached a significantly higher value in the XX group, whereas women with the RR genotype showed significantly greater training improvements in relative peak power than their XX counterparts.…”

Section: Longitudinal Genetic Association Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genes and the ageing muscle: a review on genetic association studies

Garatachea

Lucía

2011

AGE

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Western populations are living longer. Ageing decline in muscle mass and strength (i.e. sarcopenia) is becoming a growing public health problem, as it contributes to the decreased capacity for independent living. It is thus important to determine those genetic factors that interact with ageing and thus modulate functional capacity and skeletal muscle phenotypes in older people. It would be also clinically relevant to identify 'unfavourable' genotypes associated with accelerated sarcopenia. In this review, we summarized published information on the potential associations between some genetic polymorphisms and muscle phenotypes in older people. A special emphasis was placed on those candidate polymorphisms that have been more extensively studied, i.e. angiotensinconverting enzyme (ACE) gene I/D, α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) R577X, and myostatin (MSTN) K153R, among others. Although previous heritability studies have indicated that there is an important genetic contribution to individual variability in muscle phenotypes among old people, published data on specific gene variants are controversial. The ACTN3 R577X polymorphism could influence muscle function in old women, yet there is controversy with regards to which allele (R or X) might play a 'favourable' role. Though more research is needed, up-to-date MSTN genotype is possibly the strongest candidate to explain variance among muscle phenotypes in the elderly. Future studies should take into account the association between muscle phenotypes in this population and complex gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.

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“…More discrepancy exists on the putative role of the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism on muscle power phenotypes in non-athletic populations, with some authors reporting an unfavourable effect of the XX genotype (Vincent et al 2007), at least in women (Walsh et al 2008), and others reporting no effect (McCauley et al 2009). Additional controversy stems from the fact that in older adults (mean age ~ 65 years), the XX genotype was associated with higher knee extensor concentric peak power compared with RR and RX genotypes (Delmonico et al 2007), while others found no genotype:phenotype association (San Juan et al 2006). We recently reported no association between leg explosive muscle power (jump and sprint tests) and the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism in non-athletic young adults ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does the ACE I/D polymorphism, alone or in combination with the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism, influence muscle power phenotypes in young, non-athletic adults?

et al. 2010

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We investigated the association of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, alone or in combination with the a-actinin-3 gene (ACTN3) R577X polymorphism, with jumping (vertical squat and counter-movement jump tests) and sprint ability (30 m dash) in non-athletic, healthy young adults [N -281 (214 male), mean (SD) age 21 (2) years]. We did not observe any effect of the ACE I/D polymorphism on study phenotypes. We repeated the analyses separately in men and women and the results did not materially change. Likewise, the mean estimates of the study phenotypes were similar in subjects with the genotype combinations ACE II + ID and ACTN3 XX or ACE DD and ACTN3 RR + RX. We found no association between the ACE DD and ACTN3 RR + RX genotype combination and performance (>90th of the sex-specific

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Alpha-Actinin-3 (ACTN3) R577X Polymorphism Influences Knee Extensor Peak Power Response to Strength Training in Older Men and Women

Abstract: The results indicate that the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism influences the response of quadriceps muscle power to ST in older adults.

Cited by 139 publications

References 36 publications

Physiological Determinants of the Candidate Physical Ability Test in Firefighters

Physiological Determinants of the Candidate Physical Ability Test in Firefighters

Genes and the ageing muscle: a review on genetic association studies

Does the ACE I/D polymorphism, alone or in combination with the ACTN3 R577X polymorphism, influence muscle power phenotypes in young, non-athletic adults?

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