Alone on the Inside: The Impact of Social Isolation and Helping Others on AOD Use and Criminal Activity

Johnson, Byron R.; Pagano, Maria E.; Lee, Matthew T.; Post, Stephen G.

doi:10.1177/0044118x15617400

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Evidence-based studies have found that youths who are spiritually active, participate in a faith community, and invest in a prayerful relationship with their God are less likely to use or abuse drugs and alcohol and engage in related criminal activity (Johnson et al 2015, 2016a, b; Lee et al 2014, 2017; Post et al 2015, 2016). A seminal 2-year study by The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (2001) at Columbia University, directed by Joseph A. Califano Jr., the former US Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare in the Clinton administration, found that the teens who did not consider religious beliefs important were almost three times more likely to smoke, five times more likely to binge on alcohol, and almost eight times more likely to use marijuana compared with the teens who strongly appreciated the significance of religion in their daily lives.…”

Section: Sections Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse

Grim

Grim²

2019

J Relig Health

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This study reviews the voluminous empirical evidence on faith’s contribution to preventing people from falling victim to substance abuse and helping them recover from it. We find that 73% of addiction treatment programs in the USA include a spirituality-based element, as embodied in the 12-step programs and fellowships initially popularized by Alcoholics Anonymous, the vast majority of which emphasize reliance on God or a Higher Power to stay sober. We introduce and flesh out a typology of faith-based substance abuse treatment facilities, recovery programs, and support groups. This typology provides important background as we then move on to make an economic valuation of nearly 130,000 congregation-based substance abuse recovery support programs in the USA. We find that these faith-based volunteer support groups contribute up to $316.6 billion in savings to the US economy every year at no cost to tax payers. While negative experiences with religion (e.g., clergy sex abuse and other horrendous examples) have been a contributory factor to substance abuse among some victims, given that more than 84% of scientific studies show that faith is a positive factor in addiction prevention or recovery and a risk in less than 2% of the studies reviewed, we conclude that the value of faith-oriented approaches to substance abuse prevention and recovery is indisputable. And, by extension, we also conclude that the decline in religious affiliation in the USA is not only a concern for religious organizations but constitutes a national health concern.

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Section: Sections Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse

Grim

Grim²

2019

J Relig Health

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“…The effect on providers’ own physical activity behavior is in line with findings from a previous diary study in the context of smoking cessation, demonstrating that in both male and female romantic partners, providing more smoking-specific support on a given day related to less self-reported cigarettes smoked that day ( Lüscher et al, 2017 ). Other studies investigating this association in the context of alcohol and substance use with a between-person focus ( Lüscher and Scholz, 2017 ), across larger time intervals as well as outside the romantic relationship ( Johnson et al, 2018 ; e.g., Liu et al, 2020 ) resulted in rather mixed evidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, a few studies exist that investigated the effects of providing social support on health behavior in the context of substance use, with mixed results. Giving help to other juveniles, as opposed to receiving help, significantly reduced the risk of relapse in alcohol and other drug use during 12 months following an addiction treatment ( Johnson et al, 2018 ). A main effect of providing support through online social support groups on alcohol and drug use 6 and 12 months later was, however, not confirmed ( Liu et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“We Feel Good”: Daily Support Provision, Health Behavior, and Well-Being in Romantic Couples

2021

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Intimate partners are an important source of support when pursuing health goals. A vast amount of literature documents the role of social support in alleviating recipients’ distress and facilitating health behaviors. Less studied is the phenomenon that providing support may entail a benefit for the provider, particularly in the context of health behavior change. In the present study, we investigated whether providing social support in daily life would be associated with more health behavior, and emotional and relational well-being that same day, using a sample of romantic couples aiming to become more physically active. Ninety-nine inactive and overweight heterosexual romantic couples (=198 individuals) participated in this dyadic daily diary study. Both partners reported on the provision of social support, positive and negative affect, and relationship satisfaction in electronic end-of-day diaries across 14 consecutive days. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was objectively assessed via triaxial accelerometers (Actigraph GT3X+). Using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM), dyadic data analyses indicated that providing support to the partner was associated with higher own MVPA, more own positive affect, less own negative affect, and more own relationship satisfaction (actor effects), over and above the effect of support provision on outcomes in the other partner (partner effects). The present findings suggest that the provision of daily social support in couples is strongly associated with enhanced well-being not only at a personal level but also at a relational level. Providing social support may also serve the function of relationship maintenance. Thus, shifting the focus away from the recipient to examine beneficial effects of social support in providers is highly relevant. Future research should address the question of when, why, and how giving support is beneficial.

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“…Namely, music may intensify PAS use through the exposure to lyrics that encourage it [52] or through the repeated participation to concerts or festive events [83,101,102,109]. The social mechanisms underlying music involvement also play a role since some individuals replace social support with music, which may lead to isolation, a factor known to increase the severity of PAS use [55,121,122]. On the other hand, music promotes recovery and abstinence in individuals with a former problematic PAS use.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical scoping review about the impact of music in the lives of young adults who use drugs

Lemaire

Loignon

Bertrand

2020

Drug and Alcohol Review

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IssuesMusic is among the most frequently used medium to promote young adults' well‐being. To that aim, the efficiency of music is explained by its capacity to modulate emotions through its effect on the brain's reward pathways. Hence, music could help individuals suffering from dysregulations in these pathways, whose experience of positive emotions is often inhibited. Such dysregulations are particularly present in individuals with problematic psychoactive substance (PAS) use, who are overrepresented in the context of homelessness. While few of them initiate treatment, they successfully rely on their own resources to promote their well‐being, including music, though its impact in this context remains under‐studied.ApproachThis scoping review describes the impact of music on the well‐being, PAS use and addictive trajectory of young housed and homeless individuals with problematic PAS use. Eleven French and English databases were screened for peer‐reviewed articles using concepts and keywords related to music, PAS and well‐being. From the 3697 results, 39 were reviewed. Results were organised according to the observed impact of music and analysed critically.Key FindingsLiterature shows that PAS users value the impact of music in meeting emotional, psychological and social needs, especially when they experience homelessness. Yet, research has been highly limited to the harmful consequences of music, limiting our knowledge of its potential benefits.Implications and ConclusionTo deepen our understanding about the impact of music, future research should endorse a broader perspective and consider the personal and contextual experiences accompanying the involvement in music, factors that were traditionally overlooked.

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Alone on the Inside: The Impact of Social Isolation and Helping Others on AOD Use and Criminal Activity

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse

Belief, Behavior, and Belonging: How Faith is Indispensable in Preventing and Recovering from Substance Abuse

“We Feel Good”: Daily Support Provision, Health Behavior, and Well-Being in Romantic Couples

A critical scoping review about the impact of music in the lives of young adults who use drugs

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