Allozyme variability of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations across the Rhenanian–Danubian watershed in southwest Germany

Abstract

Using horizontal agarose thin layer gel electrophoresis, 35 allozyme loci were screened in 233 brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) from 11 populations in southwest Germany across the RhenanianDanubian watershed. Polymorphism was found at 10 loci, with stocked populations exhibiting significantly increased polymorphism compared with unmanaged stocks (P= 0.2 19 vs. P= 0.132). Standard genetic distances between populations from different brooks averaged at D =0.01. Of the total gene diversity of GST =0.198, only a negligible amount partitioned between Rhenanian and Danubian drainages (GGT= 0.0 10). One biallelic locus, LDH5*, indicated river-specific allele frequencies, with the allele LDH-5 *105 being markedly more frequent within the Danubian drainage system. In contrast, LDH-5 *100 was close to fixation in the Rhenanian populations. This locus suggests a phylogeographical relationship of Danubian trout from southwest Germany with brown trout from southeastern Europe rather than with conspecifics of adjacent Rhenanian origin.

Origins and relationships of native populations of Salmo trutta (brown trout) in Spain

“…3, phenotypes b). Similar variation has previously been described in populations from Greece by Karakousis & Trian- However, although side-by-side gel comparison was not made, our sMDHB1,2*75, MEP3*90 and SOD-i *120 alleles seem to be equivalent to the previous rare alleles MDH3*80 (Martinez et al, 1993), ME4*75 (Krieg & Guyomard, 1985) and SOD2*i35 (Riffel et al, 1995).…”

Postglacial colonization of brown trout in Europe based on distribution of allozyme variants

“…The above observations can be augmented by considering similar studies of Danish (Hansen et al, 1993), German (Riffel et al, 1995) and Swiss (Largiardèr & Scholl, 1995, 1996 populations that have been excluded so far because of more than a century of hatchery stocking and translocations involving exogenous fish. As summarized in Table 4, the allelic distributions in these 48 additional locations are typical of those from unstocked areas selected for this study, but with evidence of varying degrees of interbreeding with hatchery populations of German (presumably Rhenish) origin (García-Marín et al, 1991).…”

“…Entries in parentheses for maximum and minimum allele frequencies identify the number of samples where the value occurs. Danish data from Hansen et al (1993); German data from Riffel et al (1995); Swiss data from Largiadèr & Scholl (1995, 1996 contribution to the colonization of northern deglaciated areas.…”

Genetic Structure of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) Populations from Turkey Based on Microsatellite Data

“…The range of interpopulation genetic variability reported for European brown trout populations was 36-56% (Krieg and Guyomard 1985;Garcia-Marin et al 1991;Bernatchez and Osinov 1995;Riffel et al 1995;Apostolidis et al 2008). In this study, microsatellite data analyses of Turkish brown trout populations showed a range of interpopulation diversification of 22.88-45.78%.…”

“…Therefore, it is preferable to use mtDNA and nuclear markers together for phylogenetic and population genetic studies. Allozymes were used for this aim, but they have not always been useful in discriminating between closely related populations (Riffel et al 1995;Estoup et al 1998;O'Connell and Wright 1997). Microsatellite DNA or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) exist at a high frequency in the nuclear genome of eukaryotes and are highly polymorphic codominant markers inherited in a Mendelian fashion (Tautz 1989).…”