Postglacial colonization of brown trout in Europe based on distribution of allozyme variants

García‐Marín, José‐Luis; Utter, Fred M.; Plá, Carles

doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6884470

Cited by 114 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…Upon mtDNA analysis, Bernatchez et al (1992) have described five major phylogenetic groups in Europe: Adriatic, Danube, Mediterranean, marmoratus and Atlantic. Furthermore, it has been shown that a large proportion of the evolutionary diversity of brown trout is sited in the south of Europe, including the Iberian Peninsula, where this study is focused (Giuffra et al 1994;Garcı´a-Marı´n and Pla 1996;Garcı´a-Marı´n et al 1999). Some authors have claimed that the Iberian Peninsula acted as a refuge during the last glaciations and proposed the existence of two distinct regional groups associated with Atlantic and Mediterranean drainages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The locus LDH-C* is one of the most important diagnostic genetic marker systems to deal with the study of the population genetics of this species (Ferguson and Fleming 1983;Hamilton et al 1989). Two major groups of brown trout have been described on the basis of the presence of LDH-C*90 and LDH-C*100 alleles: 'modern' (North Atlantic) and 'ancient' (South Atlantic and Mediterranean) lineages, respectively (Hamilton et al 1989;Garcı´a-Marı´n et al 1999). Upon mtDNA analysis, Bernatchez et al (1992) have described five major phylogenetic groups in Europe: Adriatic, Danube, Mediterranean, marmoratus and Atlantic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic introgression on freshwater fish populations caused by restocking programmes

2005

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The brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) is one of the best studied native salmonids of Europe. Genetic studies on this species suggest that a large proportion of the evolutionary diversity corresponds to southern European countries, including the Iberian Peninsula, where this study is focused. Stocking activities employing non-indigenous hatchery specimens together with the destruction and fragmentation of natural habitats are major factors causing a decrease of native brown trout populations, mostly in the Mediterranean basins of the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of the present work is to examine the genetic structure of the brown trout populations of the East Cantabrian region, studying the consequences of the restocking activities with foreign hatchery brown trout specimens into the wild trout populations. We have based our study on the Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism technique conducted on a mitochondrial fragment of 2700 base pairs and on the lactate dehydrogenase locus of the nuclear DNA. Our results show higher introgression rates in the Ebro (Mediterranean) basin than in the Cantabrian rivers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic introgression on freshwater fish populations caused by restocking programmes

2005

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“…On the contrary, the usefulness of genetic tools to reveal the natural evolutionary relationships between brown trout populations became apparent since the late 1970s with the introduction of allozyme electrophoresis (see Guyomard 1989). More recently, studies of mtDNA sequence variation between brown trout populations from various locations have revealed: (a) the existence of five major phylogenetic groups, that evolved allo-parapatrically during the Pleistocene (Bernatchez 2001;Cortey et al 2004), and (b) that a large proportion of the evolutionary diversity of this species corresponds to southern European countries bordering the Mediterranean (Bernatchez et al 1992;Giuffra et al 1994;Bernatchez & Osinov 1995;Apostolidis et al 1996;García-Marín et al 1999;Bernatchez 2001;Cortey et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

Splendiani

Giovannotti

Cerioni

et al. 2006

Italian Journal of Zoology

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Genetic diversity was analysed in Salmo trutta populations living in an area of central Italy by sequencing 310 bp of the 59 end of the mtDNA control region (D-loop) and by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of three mtDNA segments. Data show a genetic structure profoundly altered by stockings with allochthonous material of Atlantic origin. In fact, 15 of the RFLP haplotypes detected are linked to an Atlantic sequence. The remaining 9 were instead coupled with sequences representing the three major phylogenetic lineages previously identified in the Mediterranean basin (Adriatic, marmoratus, and Mediterranean), representing the native genetic diversity of brown trout in that area. The close genetic affinity observed between these latter haplotypes and those found in the Balkan peninsula by other authors seems to be in accordance with a recent, natural, history of dispersion between the two borders of the Adriatic Sea. These results appear significant from a conservation point of view as, in spite of the massive stocking with hatchery-reared specimens, they highlight the persistence of Salmo trutta native genetic diversity in central Italy.

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“…Yet, the analysis of brown trout phylogeographic structure is still lacking over important geographic areas, such as North Africa and eastern Europe. Patterns of postglacial recolonizations, finer phylogeographic structure within major trout lineages, and demographic history have not been rigorously assessed or remain controversial (e.g., Hamilton et al 1989;Osinov and Bernatchez 1996;García-Marín et al 1999). This ambiguity may be attributed to both limited analytical resolution and statistical treatments.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Evolutionary History of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta L.) Inferred From Phylogeographic, Nested Clade, and Mismatch Analyses of Mitochondrial Dna Variation

Bernatchez¹

2001

Evolution

421

297

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Abstract. Phylogeographic, nested clade, and mismatch analyses of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation were used to infer the temporal dynamics of distributional and demographic history of brown trout (Salmo trutta). Both new and previously published data were analyzed for 1794 trout from 174 populations. This combined analysis improved our knowledge of the complex evolutionary history of brown trout throughout its native Eurasian and North African range of distribution in many ways. It confirmed the existence of five major evolutionary lineages that evolved in geographic isolation during the Pleistocene and have remained largely allopatric since then. These should be recognized as the basic evolutionarily significant units within brown trout. Finer phylogeographic structuring was also resolved within major lineages. Contrasting temporal juxtaposition of different evolutionary factors and timing of major demographic expansions were observed among lineages. These unique evolutionary histories have been shaped both by the differential latitudinal impact of glaciations on habitat loss and potential for dispersal, as well as climatic impacts and landscape heterogeneity that translated in a longitudinal pattern of genetic diversity and population structuring at more southern latitudes. This study also provided evidence for the role of biological factors in addition to that of physical isolation in limiting introgressive hybridization among major trout lineages.Key words. Europe, fish, mismatch, mitochondrial DNA, nested clade, phylogeography, Salmo.Received March 7, 2000. Accepted September 18, 2000 Elucidating the evolutionary history of extant species is an important objective of any research program that seeks to understand population divergence and, ultimately, speciation. This history is also directly relevant to conservation biology because historical contingencies have been largely responsible for creating the most important genetic subdivisions in many, if not most extant taxa (e.g., Zink 1996; Avise et al. 1998;Hewitt 2000). The phylogeographic approach has been used to test the congruence between distributional histories against paleo-environmental settings and determining the chronology of evolutionary diversification (Avise 1998;Moritz and Bermingham 1998). Comparative phylogeography has also emerged as a powerful method to address broader ecological and evolutionary issues.In northern temperate freshwater fishes, comparative phylogeography revealed predictive trends in phylogeographic structure, genetic diversity, and speciation rates among species inhabiting formerly glaciated and unglaciated regions of North America (Bernatchez and Wilson 1998). Further generalizations of the effect of Pleistocene glaciations on freshwater fish fauna could be gained by comparing phylogeographic data from other regions. Contrasts between Eurasian and North American freshwater fish phylogeographic structure (e.g., Bernatchez et al. 1989) would be particularly informative, given the much less extensive glacial advances in ...

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Postglacial colonization of brown trout in Europe based on distribution of allozyme variants

Cited by 114 publications

References 37 publications

Genetic introgression on freshwater fish populations caused by restocking programmes

Genetic introgression on freshwater fish populations caused by restocking programmes

Phylogeographic inferences on the native brown trout mtDNA variation in central Italy

The Evolutionary History of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta L.) Inferred From Phylogeographic, Nested Clade, and Mismatch Analyses of Mitochondrial Dna Variation

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