Alloplasmic effects of Brassica napus and B. juncea on seed characteristics of B. carinata

Abstract

Effects of Brassica napus (N) and B. juncea (J) cytoplasm on seed characteristics of B. carinata (C) were examined. Alloplasmic lines of B. carinata were produced from N 9 C and J 9 C hybrids by recurrent backcrossing to the BC 8 generation. Fourteen sets of reciprocal crosses were used. Compared with their euplasmic sibs, alloplasmic B. carinata line seeds with B. napus cytoplasm showed reduced dormancy, higher seed weight, lower germination rate at high temperatures, higher germination rate at low temperatures, and had lower erucic acid and higher linoleic acid contents. Alloplasmic B. carinata line seeds with B. juncea cytoplasm had higher seed weight but lower germination rate than their corresponding euplasmic sibs. These results showed a cytoplasmic effect on seed development, and an influence on seed weight, dormancy, and fatty acid composition. B. carinata was more deleteriously affected by cytoplasm from B. napus than by cytoplasm of B. juncea.

Brassica carinata: Biology and agronomy as a biofuel crop

“…They also used a second construct containing ihp RNA targeted to the endogenous FAD2 gene of carinata along with heterologous Crambe abyssinica FAE gene with seed‐specific napin promoter to increase erucic acid production by 16%. Reports of varieties with increased nervonic acid, 5,13‐docosadienoic acid, 5‐eicosenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid contents to meet various industrial, biofuel, and nutritional needs are also available in carinata (Chang et al, 2009; Jadhav et al, 2005; Taylor et al, 2010). The mean value of different oil quality traits of carinata has been provided in Table 4.…”

Towards breeding of rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>) with alien cytoplasm and powdery mildew resistance from Ethiopian mustard (<i>Brassica carinata</i>)

“…Moreover, this material has many advantages, such as vigorous growth, pod cracking resistance, high mechanical strength of the stem and lodging resistance. Interestingly, transferring resistant genes from Ethiopian mustard, when used as the male parent, may lead to cytoplasmic substitution lines with alloplasmic effects, enhancing the diversity of cytoplasmic types of B. napus (Chang et al 2009). The introduction of new cytoplasm from tropical germplasm into rapeseed may bring some new desirable traits such as heat/drought resistance and high photosynthetic efficiency (Jiang et al 2007, Qi et al 2013.…”