Allied Commensal Forces against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Fremin, Brayon J.; Bhatt, Ami S.

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2017.04.015

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Although VRE intestinal colonization is asymptomatic, once traversing the intestinal epithelium barrier, it can lead to dangerous bloodstream infections in intensive care units (Caballero et al, 2017), endocarditis (Piszczek et al, 2015), and urinary tract infections (Mitchell et al, 2014; Piszczek et al, 2015). VRE is highly efficient in accumulation of antibiotic resistance genes and forms an important reservoir of resistance genes (Fremin and Bhatt, 2017). VRE-causing nosocomial infections are rising globally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Strains of Lactobacilli Effectively Decrease the Colonization of VRE in a Mouse Model

Song

Zhu

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection is a serious challenge for clinical management and there is no effective treatment at present. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and probiotic intervention have been shown to be promising approaches for reducing the colonization of certain pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, however, no such studies have been done on VRE. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FMT and two Lactobacillus strains (Y74 and HT121) on the colonization of VRE in a VRE-infection mouse model. We found that both Lactobacilli strains reduced VRE colonization rapidly. Fecal microbiota and colon mRNA expression analyses further showed that mice in FMT and the two Lactobacilli treatment groups restored their intestinal microbiota diversity faster than those in the phosphate buffer saline (PBS) treated group. Administration of Lactobacilli restored Firmicutes more quickly to the normal level, compared to FMT or PBS treatment, but restored Bacteroides to their normal level less quickly than FMT did. Furthermore, these treatments also had an impact on the relative abundance of intestinal microbiota composition from phylum to species level. RNA-seq showed that FMT treatment induced the expression of more genes in the colon, compared to the Lactobacilli treatment. Defense-related genes such as defensin α, Apoa1, and RegIII were down-regulated in both FMT and the two Lactobacilli treatment groups. Taken together, our findings indicate that both FMT and Lactobacilli treatments were effective in decreasing the colonization of VRE in the gut.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two Strains of Lactobacilli Effectively Decrease the Colonization of VRE in a Mouse Model

Song

Zhu

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Vancomycin therapy is one of the most efficient treatments for enterococci infections. While the emergence and rapid spread of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) represents a particular challenge [13, 14], as there are few remaining therapeutic options for infections caused by VRE [15, 16]. Glycopeptide resistance genes van is proven to be the major vancomycin resistant mechanism known in the enterococci.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizontal transfer of vanA between probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in fermented soybean meal and in digestive tract of growing pigs

Liu

et al. 2019

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background The aim of this study was to investigate the intergeneric transfer of vancomycin resistance gene vanA between probiotic enterococci in the fermentation progress of soybean meal and in the digestive tract of growing pigs. One vanA genotype vancomycin resistant E. faecium strain, E fm 4, and one chloramphenicol-resistant E. faecalis strain, E fs 2, were isolated from twenty-nine probiotic basis feed material / additive samples. For in vitro conjugation, E fm 4 and E fs 2 were used as starter to ferment soybean meal. For in vivo conjugation, thirty growing pigs were randomly assigned to five groups ( n = 6), treated with a basic diet, or supplemented with 10% fermented soybean meal, 1% E fm 4, 5% E fs 2 or a combination of 1% E fm 4 + 5% E fs 2 for 7 d, respectively. Fecal samples of pigs in each group were collected daily for the isolation and dynamic analysis of E fm 4, E fs 2 and transconjugants. The sequence types (STs) of E fm 4, E fs 2 and transconjugants were analyzed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The vanA harboring plasmid in E fm 4 and transconjugants was analyzed by S1-pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and further verified by multiple alignments. Results The results showed that, in FSBM, transconjugants were detected 1 h after the fermentation, with a conjugation frequency of ~ 10 − 3 transconjugants / recipient. Transconjugants proliferated with E fm 4 and E fs 2 in the first 8 h and maintained steadily for 10 d till the end of the experiment. Additionally, in vivo experiment showed that transcojugants were recovered in one of six pigs in both FSBM and E fm 4 + E fs 2 groups, with conjugation frequency of ~ 10 − 5 and ~ 10 − 4 , respectively. MLST revealed the ST of E fm 4, E fs 2 and transconjugants was ST1014, ST69 and ST69, respectively. S1-PFGE confirmed the existence of the vanA -harboring, 142,988-bp plasmid, which was also a multi-drug resistant plasmid containing Tn1546 -like transposon. Conclusions The findings revealed the potential safety hazard existing in the commercial probiotic enterococci in China, because the horiz...

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Inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation of sulfonated chitosan against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Liu

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2019

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Allied Commensal Forces against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Abstract: In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Caballero et al. (2017) define a precise, limited consortium of commensal bacteria that restores resistance to colonization by clinically vexing vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species.

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Two Strains of Lactobacilli Effectively Decrease the Colonization of VRE in a Mouse Model

Two Strains of Lactobacilli Effectively Decrease the Colonization of VRE in a Mouse Model

Horizontal transfer of vanA between probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in fermented soybean meal and in digestive tract of growing pigs

Inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation of sulfonated chitosan against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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