Allelopathic Activity of Extracts from Different Brazilian Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars on Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Weed Plants

Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is the fourth most consumed oleaginous plant in the world, producing seeds with high contents of lipids, proteins, vitamins, and carbohydrates. Biological activities of different extracts of this species have already been evaluated by many researchers, including antioxidant, antitumoral, and antibacterial. In this work, the allelopathic activity of extracts from different Brazilian peanut cultivars against lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and two weed plants (Commelina benghalensis and Ipomoea nil) was studied. Aerial parts, roots, seeds, and seed coats were used for the preparation of crude extracts. Seed extract partitioning was performed with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and aqueous residue. Germination and growth of hypocotyls and rootlets were evaluated after one and five days of incubation with plant extracts, respectively. Crude seed extract and its dichloromethanic partition displayed highest allelopathic activity. These results contribute for the study of new potential natural herbicides.

Herbicidal Effects of Ethyl Acetate Extracts of Billygoat Weed (Ageratum conyzoides L.) on Spiny Amaranth (Amaranthus spinosus L.) Growth

“…It requires effective and efficient control as alternative ways which are environmentally safe. Some efforts have been made to explore the herbicidal potential of plants derived compounds (allelochemicals) [6,7]. Allelopathy refers to the beneficial or harmful effects of one plant on another plant, both crop and weed species, from the release of biochemicals, known as allelopath or allelochemicals, from plant parts by leaching, root exudation, volatilisation, residue decomposition and other processes in both natural and agricultural systems [8].…”

Friable Calluses of a Brazilian Peanut Cultivar Increased Cytotoxic Activity against K562 Human Leukemia Cells

“…In vitro plants were obtained from embryonic axes cultured for 30 days on hormone-free MS medium [26], and maintained at 25°C ± 2°C, under a photoperiod of 16 h, with mean irradiance of 46 μmol.m -2 .s -1 , provided by cold white fluorescent lamps. For callus induction, leaf explants excised from in vitro plants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.25 μM picloram, and maintained under the same conditions for 30 days [27]. Greenhouse plants were used after 60 days of seed inoculation in Plantmax® HA under light intensity on a clear day as high as 1600 μE/(m 2 /s).…”

Influence of Datura stramonium Leaf Extract on Antioxidants and Activities of Metabolic Enzymes of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Lepidium

“…Allelopathy can be defined as negative or positive effect of one plant on other through production of chemicals released in the environment (Thi et al, 2015). Plants with allelopathic capability can fight against weed plants growing along with agricultural crops and affecting growth and crop productivity (Asaduzzaman et al, 2014;Casimiro et al, 2017).…”