All-Solid-State Thin-Film Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-sulfur (Li–S) system coupled with thin-film solid electrolyte as a novel high-energy micro-battery has enormous potential for complementing embedded energy harvesters to enable the autonomy of the Internet of Things microdevice. However, the volatility in high vacuum and intrinsic sluggish kinetics of S hinder researchers from empirically integrating it into all-solid-state thin-film batteries, leading to inexperience in fabricating all-solid-state thin-film Li–S batteries (TFLSBs). Herein, for the first time, TFLSBs have been successfully constructed by stacking vertical graphene nanosheets-Li2S (VGs-Li2S) composite thin-film cathode, lithium-phosphorous-oxynitride (LiPON) thin-film solid electrolyte, and Li metal anode. Fundamentally eliminating Li-polysulfide shuttle effect and maintaining a stable VGs-Li2S/LiPON interface upon prolonged cycles have been well identified by employing the solid-state Li–S system with an “unlimited Li” reservoir, which exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability with a capacity retention of 81% for 3,000 cycles, and an exceptional high temperature tolerance up to 60 °C. More impressively, VGs-Li2S-based TFLSBs with evaporated-Li thin-film anode also demonstrate outstanding cycling performance over 500 cycles with a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.71%. Collectively, this study presents a new development strategy for secure and high-performance rechargeable all-solid-state thin-film batteries.

Ultrahigh areal capacity and long cycling stability of sodium metal anodes boosted using a 3D-printed sodiophilic MXene/rGO microlattice aerogel

“…The main reason for the low and unstable CE is the formation of sodium dendrites caused by the uneven Na deposition. 18,53,57 In contrast, the 3D-printed rGO, 30%, 50% and 70% Ti 3 C 2 T x /rGO electrodes exhibited more stable and higher CEs and longer lifespans. For example, the 3D-printed rGO, 30% and 70% Ti 3 C 2 T x /rGO electrodes have a lifespan of 500, 800, and 600 cycles, respectively (Fig.…”

Research Progress of Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries at High Temperatures

“…The development of solid electrolyte is expected to solve the problems of lithium dendrite growth and organic solvent flammability of liquid electrolyte, and is expected to alleviate the issues of dissolution and oxygen evolution of transition metal ions. [95] They have good thermal stability at high temperatures, but their poor interface compatibility with electrodes and low ionic conductivity are currently the subject of research. Electrolytes with high Young's modulus, thermal stability, ionic conductivity and electrode compatibility, a wide electrochemical window, air and water insensitivity, and easy processability are the targets of our research.…”

Li, Na, K, Mg, Zn, Al, and Ca Anode Interface Chemistries Developed by Solid‐State Electrolytes

“…In contrast, operational cycle life and capacity fading are not reasonable. [ 379–389 ] To improve Li interface structures with SEs, different Li‐alloys ( Figure ) have been reported, such as Li–In, Li–Sn, Li–Al, Li–Mg, etc. [ 390–393 ]…”