All‐Optically Controlled Memristor for Optoelectronic Neuromorphic Computing

Abstract

Neuromorphic computing (NC) is a new generation of artificial intelligence. Memristors are promising candidates for NC owing to the feasibility of their ultrahigh‐density 3D integration and their ultralow energy consumption. Compared to traditional electrical memristors, the emerging optoelectronic memristors are more attractive owing to their ability to combine the advantages of both photonics and electronics. However, the inability to reversibly tune the memconductance with light has severely restricted the development of optoelectronic NC. Here, an all‐optically controlled (AOC) analog memristor is realized, with memconductance that is reversibly tunable over a continuous range by varying only the wavelength of the controlling light. The device is based on the relatively mature semiconductor material InGaZnO and a memconductance tuning mechanism of light‐induced electron trapping and detrapping. It is found that the light‐induced multiple memconductance states are nonvolatile. Furthermore, spike‐timing‐dependent plasticity learning can be mimicked in this AOC memristor, indicating its potential applications in AOC spiking neural networks for highly efficient optoelectronic NC.

Visible and infrared dual-band imaging via Ge/MoS 2 van der Waals heterostructure

“…However, under VIS illumination, the strong bias alters the band structure bending downward toward the interface of n-MoS 2 and Ti/Au, which elicits a higher photocurrent compared with the IR illumination. Moreover, the photogenerated holes in the n-MoS 2 region were trapped in the heterojunction interface, resulting in the downward band bending of the n-MoS 2 region ( 21 ). As a result, these trapped holes increase the tunneling current included in the total output current.…”

Non-Uniqueness of Non-Linear Optical Response

“…Nevertheless, non-uniqueness offers some freedom in setting the system state post-driving, which has the potential to be exploited in (for example) a quantum heat engine [58]. This phenomenon may also enable the implementation of memristor-like elements in optical computing [59], where the internal system state can be used as a store of memory of previous pulses.…”

Nanostructured Materials and Architectures for Advanced Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices

“…In the two-terminal devices, the photosensitive features of memristors have been exploited for optoelectronic synapses by controlling the transport of photogenerated carriers and the recombination process in the photosensitive active layer. [30,56,[105][106][107] Fortunately, by taking advantages of simple device structure, low-energy consumption, and conformability with conventional complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, considerable progresses have been made in the field of optoelectronic artificial synapses with the advent of two-terminal memristors in recent years.…”