All-angle self-collimation in two-dimensional rhombic-lattice photonic crystals

Wu, Zhihui; Xie, Kai; Yang, Huajun; Jiang, Ping; He, Xiaoli

doi:10.1088/2040-8978/14/1/015002

Cited by 31 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…They went on to exploit this PC to build waveguides without a physical channel, optical interconnects, beam splitters, Mach-Zender interferometers, a two-bit all-optical analog-to-digital converter and more [39]-all these devices consist only of the self-collimating PC and some mirrors constructed by locally modifying hole radii. Over time, more sophisticated examples have been proposed and demonstrated: very recently, Z. H. Wu et al proposed a PC for which k y is nearly independent of k x over the entire Brillouin zone, leading to selfcollimation for a very broad range of incident angles [40].…”

Section: Self-collimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photonic-crystal surface modes found from impedances

et al. 2010

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We present a rigorous definition of a wave impedance for 2D rectangular and triangular lattice photonic crystals (PCs), in the form of a matrix. Reflection and transmission at an interface between PCs can be represented by matrices that relate the Bloch mode (eigenmode) amplitudes in the two PCs; we show that these matrices, which are multi-mode generalisations of reflection and transmission coefficients, may be calculated from the PCs' impedances that we define.Given the impedances and Bloch factors (propagation constants) of a collection of PCs, the reflection and transmission properties of arbitrary stacks of these PCs may be calculated efficiently using a few matrix operations. Therefore our definition enables PC-based antireflection coatings to be designed efficiently: some computationally expensive simulations are required in an initial step to find a range of PCs' impedances, but then the reflectances of every coating that consists of a stack of these PCs can be calculated without any further simulations.We first define the PC impedance from the transfer matrix of a single PC layer (i.e., a grating). Since transfer matrix methods are not especially widespread, we also present a method and associated source code to extract a PC's propagating and evanescent Bloch modes from a scattering calculation that can be performed by any off-the-shelf field solver, and to calculate impedances from the extracted modal fields.Finally, we put our method to use. We apply it to design antireflection coatings, nearly eliminating reflection at a single frequency for one or both polarisations, or lowering it across a larger bandwidth. We use it to find surface modes at interfaces between PCs and air, and their projected band structures. We use the impedance to define effective parameters for PC homogenisation, and we briefly describe how our definition has been used to dispersion engineer a PC waveguide. Statement of contribution for joint author publicationsLawrence, F. J. et al. "Antireflection coatings for two-dimensional photonic crystals using a rigorous impedance definition". Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 1114Lett. 93, (2008 This Letter is partially based on work done in FL's Honours year, and partially on work done during his PhD. Most of the software used was provided by KD and LB, and FL extended it in collaboration with them. In FL's PhD he extended the software implementation of the method (with help from KD and LB) to support non-normal incidence and frequencies above the first Wood anomaly. FL wrote the letter, which was heavily edited and proofread by MdS, KD, and LB.Lawrence, F. J. et al. "Impedance of square and triangular lattice photonic crystals". Phys. Rev. A 80, 23826 (2009) The suggestion of generalising the method to triangular lattices was made by FL's supervisors. LB supplied the orthogonality relations, which as noted in the paper are from previous work, and FL worked out how to use these to define the impedance for these structures. LB suggested the final notation used in the paper. Taking the Ma...

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Section: Self-collimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1.13). The matrix Z Fallahi that Fallahi and Hafner call their impedance matrix has half the dimensions of R. It is defined such that 40) for V and I (i.e. vectors of E and H grating order amplitudes) due to only forward modes in a semi-infinite PC.…”

Section: Multiconductor Transmission Line Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic-crystal surface modes found from impedances

et al. 2010

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“…These three characteristics can greatly enhance the efficiency of the SC and extend its applications [14]. Notice that most of the works reported so far support only one special polarization for the all-angle and broad-band SC, or the all-angle polarization insensitivity is limited to some frequency ranges only [2,11,14,15,22,23,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no reports on the all-angle, polarization-insensitive and, at the same time, relatively broad-band SC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier experimental and theoretical studies of the PCs have focused on photonic band gaps and several appropriate devices have already been developed [3]. But in the recent years, the studies have revealed that the photonic bands show unusual dispersion properties, which make them sources of several attractive effects [4,5] such as negative refraction and left handedness [6][7][8], super-prism [9], slow light [10] and SC [2,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] effects. Among these, the SC in PCs provides a brand new way of confining light propagation, which is different from conventional PC waveguides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…at increasing the collimating efficiency [34], reducing reflection on the input PC surface [35,36], broadening the working frequency range [2,15,37], expanding the incident-angle range [2,11,23,37,38] and implementation of polarization-insensitive SC [14,22,[39][40][41][42], among many instances. The three latter aspects are extremely attractive from the viewpoint of applications in future photonic integrated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An approach to achieve all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation in 2D square-lattice photonic crystals

Noori¹,

Soroosh²,

Baghban³

2015

Ukr. J. Phys. Opt.

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Abstract. We have investigated the possibility for achieving (in the same structure), an all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation (SC), one of the most urgent requirements in the field of optical integration. To obtain these attractive SC features in 2D square-array photonic crystals, we have used several strategies and performed testing calculations, using plane-wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain methods. We have not complicated the basic structure for the SC and ensured its simple geometry. The all-angle SC can arise when the optical material of a hole-type structure is high-index. Our results have testified that the SC in the hole-type structure is less dependent on the light polarization, if compared with a similar rod-type one. Our optimized SC structure has a bandwidth of Δf/f c = 2.61% and supports the all-angle SC for both TE and TM polarizations at the expense of small (~ 3) deviation of light from the unique collimation direction. Notice that the latter can be tolerated in many integrated optical devices.

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Lithography‐Free Random Bismuth Nanostructures for Full Solar Spectrum Harvesting and Mid‐Infrared Sensing

Soydan

Ghobadi

Yıldırım

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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A lithography‐free, double‐functional single bismuth (Bi) metal nanostructure is designed, fabricated, and characterized for ultrabroadband absorption in the visible (vis) and near‐infrared (NIR) ranges, and for a narrowband response with ultrahigh refractive index sensitivity in the mid‐infrared (MIR) range. To achieve a large‐scale fabrication of the design in a lithography‐free route, the oblique‐angle deposition approach is used to obtain densely packed and randomly spaced/oriented Bi nanostructures. It is shown that this fabrication technique can provide a bottom‐up approach to controlling the length and spacing of the design. The characterization findings reveal a broadband absorbance above 0.8 in vis and NIR, and a narrowband absorbance centered around 6.54 µm. Dense architecture and extraordinary permittivity of Bi provide strong field confinement in ultrasmall gaps between nanostructures, and this can be utilized for a sensing application. An ultrahigh sensitivity of 2151 nm refractive‐index unit (RIU–1) is acquired, which is, as far as it is known, the experimentally highest sensitivity attained so far. The simple and large‐scale compatible fabrication route of the design together with the extraordinary optical response of Bi coating makes this design promising for many optoelectronic and sensing applications.

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All-angle self-collimation in two-dimensional rhombic-lattice photonic crystals

Cited by 31 publications

References 37 publications

Photonic-crystal surface modes found from impedances

Photonic-crystal surface modes found from impedances

An approach to achieve all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation in 2D square-lattice photonic crystals

Lithography‐Free Random Bismuth Nanostructures for Full Solar Spectrum Harvesting and Mid‐Infrared Sensing

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