Alkaloids From Iraqi Species of Papaveraceae

Abstract

Ten species of Papaver (P. persicum, P. acrochaetum, P. armeniacum, P. curviscapum, P. glaucum, P. macrostomum, P. bornmuelleri, P. rhoeas, P. dubium, P. hybridum), two species of Glaucium (G. corniculatum, G. grandiflorum) and Roemeria hybrida, which are native to Iraq, have been examined for their alkaloid contents.

Alkaloids of Turkish Glaucium Species

“…Physical and spectral data are in agreement with those reported for alloeryptopine [5, 7, 8, (17), 308(9), 176 (19), 174 (29), 164 (91), 149 (100), 50 (CH3CI, 100). These values are in accordance with those reported for this alkaloid [9,15,16,17].…”

“…Allocryptopine (19). Physical and spectral data are in agreement with those reported for alloeryptopine [5, 7, 8, (17), 308(9), 176 (19), 174 (29), 164 (91), 149 (100), 50 (CH3CI, 100).…”

“…An earlier study of G. grandiflorum had resulted in the isolation of glaucine, glauvine, isoboldine, 0-methylatheroline, thalicmidine, protopine, sanguinarine [18] and isocorydine as well as berberine [19]. The present work extends this list to include the alkaloids corydine, allocryptopine, cryptopine and trans-canadine methochloride for this species, and also represents the first report of the occurrence of cryptopine in the genus Glaucium.…”

Alkaloids from Papaver cylindricum

“…Mecones and Orthorhoeades. The finding of cheilanthifoline in P. cylindricum was also unexpected because this alkaloid has been reported only rarely from the genus [5]. The presence of aporphines (N-methylasimilobine and floripavidine), benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline (armepavine), tetrahydroprotoberberine (scouleri-…”

“…With the exception of P. cylindricurn all other species of the section Miltantha have been examined for their alkaloid content [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The type of alkaloids which have been found in the species of section Miltantha include 1-benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline (armepavine), phthalideisoquinoline (narcotine), proaporphine (glaziovine, mecambrine, N-methylcrotonosine, pronuciferine), aporphine (floripavidine, fugapavidine, isocorydine, lirinidine, mecambroline, nantenine, nuciferine, 0-demethylnuciferine, nuciferoline, roemerine, 6a ,7-dehydroroemerine, isoroemerine-methiodide), morphinandienone (salutaridine), morphinane (thebaine), protoberberine (coptisine, palmatine), tetrahydroprotoberberine (scoulerine, sinactine), protopine (allocryptopine, cryptopine, muramine, protopine), rhoeadine (alpinigenine, 0-ethylalpinigenine, glaucamine, glaudine, oreodine, oreogenine, rhoeadine, rhoeagenine), papaverrubine (various papaverrubines), benzophenanthridine (chelerythrine, sanguinarine, oxysanguinarine), isopavine (amurensinine) and simple tetrahydroisoquinoline (N-methyldimethoxytetrahydroisoquinoline) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. In a preliminary short communication [7] as part of the present investigation it was reported that oripavine, narcotine, thebaine and rhoeadine were the major alkaloids while armepavine, papaverine, salutaridine were minor alkaloids.…”